CLT Anatomy & Physiology Fundamentals 3

Question 1

Which plasma protein is produced exclusively by the liver and accounts for approximately 60% of total plasma protein?

Accepted Answer

Albumin

Answer

Albumin is synthesized by hepatocytes and is the most abundant plasma protein, responsible for maintaining oncotic pressure.

Question 2

Surfactant produced by type II pneumocytes primarily functions to:

Accepted Answer

Prevent alveolar collapse by reducing surface tension

Answer

Pulmonary surfactant (dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine) lowers surface tension within alveoli, preventing collapse during expiration.

Question 3

The zona glomerulosa of the adrenal cortex primarily secretes which hormone?

Accepted Answer

Aldosterone

Answer

The outermost zona glomerulosa produces aldosterone, which regulates sodium retention and potassium excretion in the kidney.

Question 4

Which structure connects the testes to the epididymis and is involved in sperm maturation?

Accepted Answer

Efferent ductules

Answer

Efferent ductules carry sperm from the rete testis to the epididymis, where final sperm maturation occurs.

Question 5

What is the normal GFR (glomerular filtration rate) in a healthy adult?

Accepted Answer

90–120 mL/min

Answer

A normal GFR is approximately 90–120 mL/min/1.73 m², and values below 60 indicate chronic kidney disease.

(CLT) Clinical Laboratory Technologist Certification Practice Test