CLS Secondary Causes of Dyslipidemia 3

Question 1

In patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, which lipid abnormality is MOST characteristic?

Accepted Answer

Elevated triglycerides, low HDL-C, and small dense LDL particles

Answer

T2DM classically produces the 'diabetic dyslipidemia' triad: elevated triglycerides, low HDL-C, and a predominance of small dense LDL particles.

Question 2

Acromegaly most commonly causes which type of dyslipidemia?

Accepted Answer

Hypertriglyceridemia with or without reduced HDL-C

Answer

Excess growth hormone in acromegaly promotes lipolysis and hepatic VLDL production, resulting primarily in hypertriglyceridemia.

Question 3

A 35-year-old woman taking oral contraceptives (ethinyl estradiol/progestin) has TG of 680 mg/dL. Which mechanism explains the OCP effect?

Accepted Answer

Estrogen inhibits LPL activity and stimulates hepatic VLDL production

Answer

Estrogen in oral contraceptives stimulates hepatic VLDL synthesis and may inhibit lipoprotein lipase, particularly raising triglycerides in genetically susceptible individuals.

Question 4

Which autoimmune condition is associated with secondary dyslipidemia due to production of autoantibodies against lipoprotein lipase?

Accepted Answer

Systemic lupus erythematosus

Answer

SLE can produce anti-LPL antibodies, impairing triglyceride-rich lipoprotein clearance and causing severe hypertriglyceridemia.

Question 5

Which atypical antipsychotic is most strongly associated with secondary hypertriglyceridemia and metabolic syndrome?

Accepted Answer

Clozapine

Answer

Clozapine (and olanzapine) have the highest metabolic liability among atypical antipsychotics, causing weight gain, hypertriglyceridemia, and new-onset diabetes.

(CLS) Clinical Lipid Specialist Certification Practice Test

(CLS) Clinical Lipid Specialist Certification Practice Test

CLS Secondary Causes of Dyslipidemia 3