Biology Flashcards
7 cards from real CLEP practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 7 Biology flashcards as text
During which phase of mitosis do sister chromatids separate and move toward opposite poles?
Answer: Anaphase
In anaphase, the centromeres split and sister chromatids are pulled to opposite poles.
Which molecule serves as the primary energy currency of the cell?
Answer: ATP
ATP releases usable energy when its terminal phosphate bond is hydrolyzed.
In a dihybrid cross of two heterozygotes (AaBb x AaBb), what is the expected phenotypic ratio?
Answer: 9:3:3:1
Independent assortment of two traits yields a 9:3:3:1 phenotypic ratio.
Which organelle is responsible for detoxification and lipid synthesis in liver cells?
Answer: Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
The smooth ER lacks ribosomes and handles lipid synthesis and detoxification.
What type of bond holds complementary base pairs together in the DNA double helix?
Answer: Hydrogen bonds
Hydrogen bonds between bases allow the strands to separate during replication.
Which process converts atmospheric nitrogen into ammonia usable by plants?
Answer: Nitrogen fixation
Nitrogen-fixing bacteria convert N2 gas into ammonia for plant uptake.
An enzyme's activity is reduced when a molecule binds a site other than the active site. This is called:
Answer: Noncompetitive inhibition
Noncompetitive inhibitors bind an allosteric site, altering enzyme shape and function.