CKA Cluster Maintenance 3

Question 1

Which kubeadm command upgrades the kubelet and kubectl on a control plane node after kubeadm upgrade apply?

Accepted Answer

apt-get upgrade kubelet kubectl

Answer

After kubeadm upgrade apply, you must separately upgrade kubelet and kubectl using the package manager (apt/yum), then restart kubelet.

Question 2

What is the correct order of operations when upgrading a multi-node Kubernetes cluster using kubeadm?

Accepted Answer

Upgrade control plane first, then drain and upgrade each worker

Answer

kubeadm requires upgrading the control plane before workers; then each worker is drained, upgraded, and uncordoned sequentially.

Question 3

Which command shows the upgrade plan and available versions for a kubeadm-managed cluster?

Accepted Answer

kubeadm upgrade plan

Answer

kubeadm upgrade plan shows the current cluster version, available target versions, and any component version skew warnings.

Question 4

How do you restore an etcd cluster from a snapshot taken with etcdctl?

Accepted Answer

etcdctl snapshot restore --data-dir

Answer

etcdctl snapshot restore creates a new data directory from the snapshot; you then point etcd at that directory to complete the restore.

Question 5

A PodDisruptionBudget specifies minAvailable: 3 for a Deployment with 4 replicas. How many pods can kubectl drain evict at once?

Accepted Answer

1 pod

Answer

With minAvailable: 3, only 1 pod may be disrupted at a time (4 - 3 = 1), so drain can evict at most 1 pod.

(CKA) Certified Kubernetes Administrator Practice Test