Internet Protocols & Network Foundations Flashcards

At which layer of the OSI model does the IP protocol operate?

Answer: Network

IP operates at Layer 3 (Network layer), responsible for logical addressing and routing packets between networks.

Which port does HTTP use by default?

Answer: 80

HTTP uses port 80 by default for unencrypted web traffic, while HTTPS uses port 443.

What is the primary difference between TCP and UDP?

Answer: TCP provides guaranteed, connection-oriented delivery while UDP does not

TCP is connection-oriented and guarantees reliable, ordered delivery through acknowledgments; UDP is connectionless and offers no delivery guarantee.

Which protocol is responsible for automatically assigning IP addresses to devices on a network?

Answer: DHCP

DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) automatically leases IP addresses, subnet masks, gateways, and DNS server addresses to network clients.

What is the purpose of the ARP (Address Resolution Protocol)?

Answer: Maps IP addresses to MAC addresses

ARP resolves a known IP address to its corresponding MAC (hardware) address on a local network segment.

Which protocol is used by an email client to send messages to a mail server?

Answer: SMTP

SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol) is the standard protocol for sending and relaying email messages between clients and servers.

What does a TTL (Time to Live) value in an IP packet control?

Answer: The maximum number of hops a packet can traverse before being discarded

The IP TTL field is decremented by each router; when it reaches zero, the packet is discarded, preventing packets from circulating indefinitely.