Implant Materials & Techniques Flashcards

Which surface treatment creates a micro-rough titanium implant surface through controlled chemical etching?

Answer: Acid etching with HF/HNO3

Acid etching with hydrofluoric/nitric acid removes surface layers to create a micro-rough topography that enhances osseointegration.

The SLA (sandblasted, large-grit, acid-etched) surface modification is primarily designed to:

Answer: Increase surface area for bone cell attachment

SLA treatment creates a micro-rough surface with increased surface area that promotes osteoblast adhesion and accelerates osseointegration.

Hydroxyapatite (HA) coating on implants is derived from which mineral compound?

Answer: Calcium phosphate

Hydroxyapatite is a calcium phosphate ceramic that mimics the mineral component of natural bone, promoting direct bone bonding.

What is the primary disadvantage of plasma-sprayed hydroxyapatite coatings on titanium implants?

Answer: Risk of coating delamination over time

Plasma-sprayed HA coatings can delaminate from the titanium substrate over time, potentially releasing particles and compromising long-term stability.

Which implant macro-design feature most directly influences primary stability in low-density bone?

Answer: Thread depth and pitch

Deep threads with appropriate pitch maximize bone engagement in type III/IV bone, significantly improving primary stability during placement.

Titanium Grade 4 differs from Grade 5 (Ti-6Al-4V) primarily in that Grade 4:

Answer: Is commercially pure with higher strength than Grade 1-3

Grade 4 is commercially pure titanium with the highest strength among CP-Ti grades, while Grade 5 is an alloy with added aluminum and vanadium.

The galvanic corrosion risk is most relevant when:

Answer: A titanium implant is combined with a gold alloy crown

Galvanic corrosion occurs when dissimilar metals (titanium implant and gold alloy crown) are in contact in an electrolytic environment like saliva.