Digital Impressions & CAD/CAM Workflows for Implants Flashcards

What is a 'scan body' (also called a scan abutment) used for in digital implant workflows?

Answer: A precisely engineered component placed on the implant that allows an intraoral scanner to capture the implant's 3D position and orientation

A scan body is a component with a known geometry that is placed on the implant fixture. When the intraoral scanner captures it, software uses the scan body's shape to calculate the exact 3D position, depth, and angulation of the implant in the digital model — replacing the physical impression used in traditional workflows.

In a fully digital implant workflow, the intraoral scan data is typically exported in which file format for use by CAD/CAM design software?

Answer: STL (.stl) or PLY (.ply)

STL (Standard Tessellation Language) and PLY files contain the 3D surface mesh data captured by the intraoral scanner. These open formats are used by CAD software to design implant crowns, abutments, and surgical guides. DICOM is used for volumetric imaging (CBCT), not surface scans.

Computer-guided (static guided) implant surgery using a surgical template primarily ensures which critical outcome?

Answer: Accurate implant placement in the planned 3D position, angulation, and depth

A static surgical guide, fabricated from CBCT and digital impression data, physically constrains the drill and implant to the pre-planned 3D trajectory — controlling position (X, Y), depth (Z), and angulation. This increases precision, reduces the risk of anatomical injury, and facilitates accurate prosthetic outcomes.

A key advantage of intraoral scanning over conventional polyvinyl siloxane (PVS) impressions for implant cases is:

Answer: Scanning eliminates dimensional changes that can occur during PVS material setting, pouring, and shipping of stone models

Traditional PVS impressions can accumulate errors at multiple steps — material distortion during setting, stone expansion during pouring, and dimensional changes during shipping. Digital intraoral scans eliminate these steps by going directly from scan to digital file, reducing the cumulative error chain in the workflow.

When combining CBCT (cone beam CT) data with intraoral scan data for surgical guide fabrication, which process is used to align the two datasets?

Answer: Surface registration (superimposition) of the 3D scan onto the CBCT volume using matching anatomical landmarks or fiducial markers

The intraoral scan captures high-resolution surface detail of the teeth and gingiva, while the CBCT captures bone and root anatomy. Planning software aligns (registers) the two datasets by matching shared surface features (tooth crowns) or radiographic markers. This merged model combines bone anatomy with tooth position for accurate surgical guide fabrication.

Which term describes a CAD/CAM-milled zirconia abutment that is custom-designed to match the patient's gingival profile for a specific implant position?

Answer: Custom CAD/CAM abutment

A custom CAD/CAM abutment is digitally designed to follow the patient's individual gingival margin contours and emergence profile, then milled from zirconia or titanium. Unlike stock abutments (pre-fabricated in standard shapes), custom abutments provide superior soft tissue support and esthetic outcomes, especially in the anterior region.