Anatomy & Physiology Fundamentals Flashcards
7 cards from real CIT practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 7 Anatomy & Physiology Fundamentals flashcards as text
The incisive canal, containing the nasopalatine nerve, is a contraindication concern for implant placement in which area?
Answer: Anterior maxilla midline
The incisive canal runs through the anterior maxilla at the midline and must be avoided during implant planning between or near the central incisors.
Which muscle of mastication is responsible for lateral excursive movements of the mandible and attaches to the condylar neck?
Answer: Lateral pterygoid
The lateral pterygoid muscle inserts onto the pterygoid fovea of the condylar neck and the TMJ disc, producing mandibular protrusion and lateral movement.
Which stage of bone healing involves the formation of a soft callus composed primarily of cartilage before being replaced by bone?
Answer: Endochondral ossification
Endochondral ossification involves an intermediate cartilage (soft callus) phase that is subsequently replaced by woven bone, then lamellar bone, occurring in long bone fractures and some grafting scenarios.
The dense fibrous connective tissue lining the tooth socket that connects the tooth root to alveolar bone is called what?
Answer: Periodontal ligament
The periodontal ligament (PDL) is the connective tissue that anchors the tooth root to the alveolar bone; it is absent around osseointegrated implants, which instead rely on direct bone contact.
Which anatomical space inferior to the mylohyoid muscle is at risk for infection spread following mandibular implant complications?
Answer: Submandibular space
The submandibular space lies inferior to the mylohyoid muscle and is a common pathway for spread of infection from the posterior mandibular region, potentially leading to Ludwig's angina.
Alveolar bone remodeling after tooth extraction is most rapid during which timeframe?
Answer: 2–8 weeks post-extraction
The most significant resorption of alveolar bone height and width occurs in the first 2–8 weeks following extraction, with approximately 50% of ridge volume lost in the first year.
The cortical plate on the palatal aspect of the maxillary anterior ridge is typically thicker or thinner than the labial plate?
Answer: Thicker
The palatal cortical plate of the maxillary anterior ridge is generally thicker and denser than the thin and fragile labial cortical plate, influencing implant angulation planning.