Hazard Identification, Risk Assessment & Control Flashcards

What is the first step in the hazard identification process?

Answer: Conduct workplace inspections

The first step in the hazard identification process is typically to conduct regular and systematic workplace inspections. These inspections involve physically examining the work environment, equipment, and processes to identify existing or potential hazards that could cause harm. This proactive approach helps uncover risks before incidents occur, forming the foundation for effective safety management.

Which risk assessment matrix component evaluates consequence severity?

Answer: Impact scale

The impact scale in a risk assessment matrix specifically evaluates the potential severity or magnitude of harm, injury, or loss that could result from a hazard. This scale helps quantify the consequences, allowing for a comprehensive understanding of the potential damage if a risk materializes. It is distinct from the probability scale, which assesses the likelihood of an event occurring.

What is the most effective hierarchy of control for eliminating hazards?

Answer: Elimination

Elimination is the most effective hierarchy of control because it physically removes the hazard entirely, thereby preventing any exposure or potential for harm. This method is superior to others like substitution, engineering controls, administrative controls, or PPE, as it addresses the root cause and makes the hazard impossible. When feasible, eliminating the hazard should always be the first choice.

Which tool is best for analyzing root causes of identified hazards?

Answer: 5 Whys analysis

The 5 Whys analysis is a simple yet powerful tool used to explore the cause-and-effect relationships underlying a particular problem or hazard. By repeatedly asking 'Why?' (typically five times), it helps drill down past superficial symptoms to uncover the true root cause of an issue. This method is crucial for developing effective corrective actions that prevent recurrence.

What defines an 'imminent danger' hazard in healthcare?

Answer: Situation likely to cause death or serious physical harm

An 'imminent danger' hazard is defined by OSHA as any condition or practice in a workplace that could reasonably be expected to cause death or serious physical harm immediately or before the danger can be eliminated through normal enforcement procedures. This designation triggers immediate action to abate the hazard. It represents the highest level of risk requiring urgent intervention.

Which factor is NOT considered in risk prioritization?

Answer: Department budget constraints

Department budget constraints are generally NOT considered in the technical prioritization of risks themselves, which focuses on the inherent danger and likelihood. Risk prioritization primarily evaluates the severity of potential harm, the likelihood of occurrence, and the number of exposed staff to determine the intrinsic risk level. While budget impacts the *implementation* of controls, it shouldn't dictate the initial assessment of a risk's importance.

What is the purpose of a Job Safety Analysis (JSA)?

Answer: Identify task-specific hazards

A Job Safety Analysis (JSA), also known as a Job Hazard Analysis (JHA), is a systematic process used to identify hazards associated with specific tasks or job steps. It breaks down a job into individual steps, identifies potential hazards at each step, and determines the safest way to perform the task. This tool is essential for proactively preventing injuries and illnesses by implementing appropriate controls.

When should risk assessments be reviewed in healthcare settings?

Answer: Annually or when conditions change

Risk assessments in healthcare settings should be reviewed annually or whenever significant conditions change, such as new equipment, processes, construction, or incidents. Regular reviews ensure that the assessments remain relevant and accurate, reflecting the current state of hazards and controls. This proactive approach helps maintain a safe environment and complies with regulatory and accreditation requirements.

Which control method is considered 'engineering controls' for infection hazards?

Answer: Negative pressure isolation rooms

Negative pressure isolation rooms are a classic example of an engineering control for infection hazards. These rooms are designed to maintain lower air pressure inside compared to adjacent areas, preventing airborne contaminants from escaping the room when the door is opened. This physical design feature actively controls the hazard at its source, protecting staff and other patients.