Anatomy and Physiology of Pregnancy Flashcards

Which hormone is primarily responsible for maintaining the uterine lining during early pregnancy until the placenta takes over?

Answer: Progesterone

Progesterone, initially produced by the corpus luteum, maintains the uterine lining and prevents contractions during early pregnancy.

By approximately which week of gestation does the placenta fully take over hormone production from the corpus luteum?

Answer: Week 10

Around week 10, the placenta has developed sufficiently to take over progesterone and estrogen production from the corpus luteum.

What is the term for the softening and increased flexibility of the cervix that occurs during pregnancy?

Answer: Goodell's sign

Goodell's sign refers to the softening of the cervix that occurs in early pregnancy due to increased vascularity and hormonal changes.

The increase in maternal blood volume during pregnancy is approximately what percentage above pre-pregnancy levels?

Answer: 40–50%

Maternal blood volume increases by approximately 40–50% during pregnancy to meet the demands of the growing fetus and placenta.

Which ligament supports the uterus and is commonly the source of round ligament pain during pregnancy?

Answer: Round ligament

The round ligament stretches as the uterus grows, causing sharp, brief pains in the lower abdomen or groin known as round ligament pain.

Which of the following correctly describes the function of amniotic fluid?

Answer: Cushions the fetus and maintains temperature

Amniotic fluid cushions the fetus against physical trauma, maintains a stable temperature, and allows freedom of movement for musculoskeletal development.

Relaxin, a hormone released during pregnancy, primarily affects which system?

Answer: Musculoskeletal system

Relaxin loosens ligaments and joints, particularly in the pelvis, to facilitate fetal passage through the birth canal during labor.