Basic Flashcards

Which type of study design is MOST effective for establishing a cause-and-effect relationship between a health intervention and an outcome?

Answer: Randomized controlled trial

A randomized controlled trial (RCT) with random assignment to intervention and control groups provides the strongest evidence for causality.

When planning a health education program for a diverse community, cultural competence requires the educator to FIRST:

Answer: Assess the cultural beliefs and practices of the target group

Assessing cultural beliefs, values, and practices is the essential first step before designing culturally appropriate interventions.

Which model uses a series of stages (Awareness, Interest, Trial, Decision, Adoption) to describe how individuals adopt new health behaviors?

Answer: Diffusion of Innovations

Diffusion of Innovations describes how new ideas or behaviors spread through a population via stages of adoption.

A health educator conducting a needs assessment finds a gap between current and desired health status. This gap is known as a:

Answer: Health need

A health need is defined as the gap between the current state of health and the desired or optimal state of health.

Which of the following BEST defines advocacy in health education?

Answer: Lobbying for policies that support population health

Advocacy involves working to influence policies, systems, and environments that affect community health at a population level.

Which statistical measure describes the average score of a dataset and is most sensitive to extreme values (outliers)?

Answer: Mean

The mean (arithmetic average) is sensitive to outliers because it incorporates every value in the calculation.

In program planning, 'SMART' objectives are defined as Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Relevant, and:

Answer: Time-bound

SMART stands for Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Relevant, and Time-bound, with the 'T' referring to a defined timeline.