CHBT Hemodialysis Principles and Practices 2

Question 1

Which solute transport mechanism in hemodialysis relies on a concentration gradient between blood and dialysate?

Accepted Answer

Diffusion

Answer

Ultrafiltration

Answer

Convection

Answer

Osmosis

Question 2

What is ultrafiltration in the context of hemodialysis?

Accepted Answer

The removal of excess fluid from the blood by applying transmembrane pressure

Answer

The process of sterilizing the dialysate before use

Answer

The diffusion of urea across the dialyzer membrane

Answer

The recirculation of blood through the venous drip chamber

Question 3

The dialysate flow rate in a standard hemodialysis session is typically set at:

Accepted Answer

500 mL/min

Answer

100 mL/min

Answer

50 mL/min

Answer

1,000 mL/min

Question 4

Which type of dialyzer membrane is most commonly used in modern hemodialysis?

Accepted Answer

Synthetic high-flux membrane (e.g., polysulfone)

Answer

Cellulose acetate low-flux membrane

Answer

Cuprophane membrane

Answer

Natural latex membrane

Question 5

What is the significance of the blood pump speed in hemodialysis?

Accepted Answer

It determines the blood flow rate through the dialyzer, directly affecting solute clearance

Answer

It controls the concentration of bicarbonate in the dialysate

Answer

It regulates the temperature of the dialysate

Answer

It sets the ultrafiltration rate for fluid removal

Question 6

During hemodialysis, why is the dialysate run in a countercurrent direction to blood flow?

Accepted Answer

To maintain the maximum concentration gradient along the entire length of the dialyzer, improving efficiency

Answer

To prevent clotting in the blood compartment

Answer

To allow ultrafiltration to occur in both directions

Answer

To reduce the risk of air entering the blood circuit