Pediatric Gastroenterology Flashcards

Which imaging modality is preferred for initial evaluation of suspected appendicitis in a pediatric patient to minimize radiation exposure?

Answer: Ultrasound of the right lower quadrant

Ultrasound is the preferred first-line imaging for pediatric appendicitis due to no ionizing radiation and good sensitivity in experienced hands.

A child with celiac disease who is non-compliant with a gluten-free diet is at increased long-term risk for which GI complication?

Answer: Enteropathy-associated T-cell lymphoma

Persistent gluten exposure in celiac disease causes chronic intestinal inflammation that increases the risk of enteropathy-associated T-cell lymphoma.

In a pediatric patient with jaundice, dark urine, and pale stools, which condition is most likely?

Answer: Biliary atresia or choledochal cyst

Dark urine and pale (acholic) stools indicate obstructive (cholestatic) jaundice, pointing to biliary atresia or a choledochal cyst requiring urgent evaluation.

A nurse is assisting with a pediatric colonoscopy when the patient develops bradycardia and oxygen desaturation. What is the priority intervention?

Answer: Stop the procedure, remove the scope, administer oxygen, and notify the physician

Bradycardia with desaturation represents a potential airway/sedation emergency; the procedure must stop and resuscitation measures initiated immediately.

Which age group is most commonly affected by intussusception?

Answer: Infants and toddlers 6 months to 3 years

Intussusception most commonly occurs in children aged 6 months to 3 years, often triggered by hypertrophied lymphoid tissue (Peyer's patches) acting as a lead point.

During pediatric upper endoscopy, which complication is more likely in infants compared to adults?

Answer: Respiratory compromise and airway obstruction due to smaller airway diameter

Infants have proportionally smaller airways; sedation, the endoscope, and positioning can easily compromise ventilation, making respiratory monitoring critical.