Pediatric Gastroenterology Flashcards

Which finding is most concerning for eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) in a school-age child?

Answer: Recurrent food impaction and dysphagia

EoE presents with food impaction and dysphagia in children and adolescents due to eosinophilic infiltration causing esophageal remodeling.

In pediatric Crohn's disease, which complication is more common than in adult-onset disease?

Answer: Growth failure and delayed puberty

Chronic inflammation and corticosteroid use in pediatric Crohn's disease impairs growth hormone axis, leading to growth failure and delayed puberty.

Which is the first-line treatment for H. pylori eradication in pediatric patients according to NASPGHAN guidelines?

Answer: Triple therapy: PPI + amoxicillin + clarithromycin or metronidazole

NASPGHAN recommends PPI-based triple therapy (PPI + amoxicillin + clarithromycin or metronidazole) as first-line H. pylori eradication in children.

A nurse is preparing a 7-year-old for upper endoscopy. Which age-appropriate preparation strategy is most effective?

Answer: Use play therapy and age-appropriate explanation of the procedure

Age-appropriate preparation using play therapy and simple explanations reduces procedural anxiety and improves cooperation in school-age children.

Which type of rectal bleeding pattern in an infant most suggests allergic proctocolitis?

Answer: Small amounts of blood-streaked mucus in a well-appearing, breastfed infant

Allergic proctocolitis presents with blood-streaked mucus in a well-appearing infant, most commonly due to cow's milk protein allergy transmitted through breast milk.

Which electrolyte abnormality is characteristic of bilious vomiting from a high intestinal obstruction in a neonate?

Answer: Metabolic alkalosis with hypokalemia and hypochloremia

Loss of acidic gastric and intestinal secretions through bilious vomiting causes metabolic alkalosis with hypokalemia and hypochloremia.