CET Cardiac Anatomy & Physiology 2

Question 1

Which layer of the heart wall contains the cardiac muscle cells responsible for contraction?

Accepted Answer

Myocardium

Answer

The myocardium is the thick middle layer composed of cardiac muscle cells that generate the force of contraction.

Question 2

The mitral valve separates which two cardiac chambers?

Accepted Answer

Left atrium and left ventricle

Answer

The mitral (bicuspid) valve is the atrioventricular valve located between the left atrium and left ventricle.

Question 3

What is the primary pacemaker of the heart under normal conditions?

Accepted Answer

SA node

Answer

The sinoatrial (SA) node in the right atrium initiates the electrical impulse at a rate of 60–100 bpm under normal conditions.

Question 4

Which coronary artery primarily supplies the left ventricle's lateral wall?

Accepted Answer

Left circumflex artery

Answer

The left circumflex artery branches from the left main coronary artery and supplies the lateral wall of the left ventricle.

Question 5

The QRS complex on an ECG corresponds to which cardiac event?

Accepted Answer

Ventricular depolarization

Answer

The QRS complex represents the electrical depolarization of the ventricular myocardium, triggering ventricular contraction.

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