Risk Assessment & Hazard Control Flashcards

In a qualitative 5x5 risk matrix, risk is typically determined by combining which two factors?

Answer: Likelihood and severity

Risk matrices rate a hazard by plotting how likely it is to occur against how severe the consequence would be.

Which hazard analysis technique uses guide words such as 'more,' 'less,' 'no,' and 'reverse' applied to process parameters?

Answer: HAZOP

A Hazard and Operability Study (HAZOP) systematically applies guide words to design parameters to identify deviations.

A Fault Tree Analysis begins with which element?

Answer: A defined top (undesired) event

FTA is a top-down deductive method that starts with an undesired event and works backward to contributing causes.

In Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA), the Risk Priority Number (RPN) is calculated as:

Answer: Severity x Occurrence x Detection

RPN multiplies severity, occurrence, and detection ratings to prioritize failure modes.

A Job Hazard Analysis (JHA) is most effectively structured by:

Answer: Breaking a task into sequential steps and identifying hazards and controls for each

A JHA divides a job into steps, identifies hazards in each step, and assigns controls.

A bow-tie diagram places which item at its center (the 'knot')?

Answer: The top event, such as loss of containment

Bow-tie analysis centers on the top event, with threats and preventive barriers on the left and consequences and mitigating barriers on the right.

The ALARP principle means risk should be reduced until:

Answer: Further reduction would cost grossly disproportionate to the benefit gained

ALARP ('as low as reasonably practicable') accepts residual risk once further controls become grossly disproportionate in cost.