Anatomy & Physiology Flashcards

Blood will flow at a ____ rate through a blood vessel with a ____ internal radius.

Answer: Both answers are correct

According to Poiseuille's Law, blood flow rate is directly proportional to the fourth power of the vessel's radius. This means that blood will flow at a larger rate through a blood vessel with a greater internal radius, as wider vessels offer less resistance. Conversely, blood will flow at a smaller rate through a blood vessel with a lesser internal radius due to increased resistance, making both statements correct.

The intrinsic conduction system of the heart enables communication between its muscle fibers.

Answer: contract on their own

The intrinsic conduction system of the heart is composed of specialized cardiac muscle cells that possess automaticity, meaning they can generate their own electrical impulses. This inherent ability allows the heart muscle fibers to contract spontaneously and rhythmically without external nervous stimulation. This self-excitation ensures the heart can maintain a consistent beat independently.

Which of the following is a crucial role played by the skull?

Answer: To protect vital organs like the brain and eyes.

The skull's primary and most crucial role is to provide robust protection for the delicate and vital organs housed within the head. Specifically, it forms a strong bony casing that safeguards the brain from external trauma and provides a protective structure for sensory organs like the eyes. This protection is essential for neurological function and survival.

Which bone kind is longer than it is wide?

Answer: Long bones

Long bones are a classification of bones characterized by their length being significantly greater than their width. They typically consist of a long, slender shaft (diaphysis) and two expanded ends (epiphyses). Examples include the femur, tibia, and humerus, which are crucial for support, movement, and leverage in the body.

At the larynx's entrance, a cartilage called the epiglottis .

Answer: prevents food from entering the lungs when we swallow

The epiglottis is a crucial cartilage flap located at the entrance of the larynx. Its primary function is to prevent aspiration during swallowing. When we swallow, the epiglottis folds down to cover the glottis, effectively sealing off the trachea (windpipe) and directing food and liquids safely into the esophagus, thus preventing them from entering the lungs.

Which of the following compounds helps feces travel through the large intestine more easily?

Answer: mucus

The large intestine secretes mucus, which plays a vital role in the smooth passage of feces. This mucus lubricates the intestinal walls, reducing friction and making it easier for the compacted waste material to move through the colon and rectum. It also provides a protective barrier for the intestinal lining against irritation from the fecal matter.

The upper respiratory system includes the mouth, nose, and

Answer: pharynx

The upper respiratory system comprises the structures involved in breathing that are located outside the chest cavity. These include the nose, nasal cavity, mouth, and the pharynx, commonly known as the throat. The pharynx serves as a shared passageway for both air and food before air proceeds to the larynx and lower respiratory tract.