Anatomy & Physiology Flashcards
7 cards from real CSFA practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 7 Anatomy & Physiology flashcards as text
During a femoral hernia repair, which structure forms the medial boundary of the femoral ring and must not be cut unless a corona mortis is present?
Answer: Lacunar (Gimbernat's) ligament
The lacunar ligament forms the sharp medial boundary of the femoral ring; it is normally incised to reduce an incarcerated femoral hernia but may contain an anomalous obturator artery (corona mortis).
The celiac trunk typically divides into three branches immediately after its origin from the aorta; which vessel is NOT one of them?
Answer: Superior mesenteric artery
The celiac trunk gives rise to the left gastric, splenic, and common hepatic arteries; the superior mesenteric artery arises separately from the aorta below the celiac trunk.
Which fascial layer encloses the thyroid gland and forms a surgical plane separating it from the strap muscles?
Answer: Pretracheal fascia
The pretracheal (middle cervical) fascia envelops the thyroid gland as a true surgical capsule and forms the anatomical plane used when retracting strap muscles during thyroidectomy.
Cushing's triad (hypertension, bradycardia, irregular respirations) indicates dangerous elevation of intracranial pressure through compression of which brainstem structure?
Answer: Medulla oblongata
Rising ICP compresses the medulla oblongata, stimulating vasopressor and cardiovascular control centers, producing the classic Cushing's triad as a late sign of herniation.
Which structure passes through the carpal tunnel along with the nine flexor tendons and is most vulnerable to compression in carpal tunnel syndrome?
Answer: Median nerve
The median nerve passes through the carpal tunnel and is compressed by swelling within the tunnel, causing the sensory and motor deficits of carpal tunnel syndrome.
The vermiform appendix most commonly arises from which surface of the cecum in relation to the taenia coli convergence?
Answer: Anterior surface at the convergence of the three taeniae coli
The three taeniae coli converge at the base of the appendix on the posteromedial cecum; following any taenia distally leads the surgeon to the appendiceal base.
During hip arthroplasty in the lateral decubitus position, injury to which nerve causes foot drop and requires careful padding and positioning?
Answer: Common peroneal nerve
The common peroneal nerve wraps around the fibular neck and is compressed by positioning devices or traction in lateral decubitus, causing foot drop if injured.