Ergonomics and Human Factors Flashcards

Which ergonomic assessment tool is designed specifically for upper-limb posture analysis and scores body segments on a scale of 1–7?

Answer: RULA (Rapid Upper Limb Assessment)

RULA evaluates upper extremity postures including upper arm, lower arm, wrist, neck, trunk, and legs, generating an action score to guide intervention urgency.

What is the purpose of a job rotation program in ergonomics?

Answer: To reduce cumulative exposure to a single ergonomic risk factor by alternating tasks

Job rotation reduces cumulative musculoskeletal loading on specific body parts by rotating workers through tasks that use different muscle groups.

In human factors engineering, what is a 'forcing function'?

Answer: A physical or design constraint that prevents incorrect actions

A forcing function is an intentional design feature that physically prevents incorrect actions, such as a car that won't start without the seatbelt buckled.

What is the primary cause of carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) in occupational settings?

Answer: Compression of the median nerve due to repetitive wrist flexion/extension and force

CTS results from compression of the median nerve in the carpal tunnel, commonly caused by repetitive wrist movements, awkward postures, and forceful gripping.

Which standard provides OSHA's general guidelines for ergonomics programs, though it was withdrawn in 2001?

Answer: OSHA Ergonomics Program Standard (2000)

OSHA's Ergonomics Program Standard was published in 2000 and provided comprehensive ergonomics program requirements, but Congress voted to withdraw it in March 2001.

What anthropometric measurement principle ensures a workstation can be used by the broadest range of workers?

Answer: Designing for the 5th to 95th percentile range of the user population

Workstations should accommodate the 5th through 95th percentile range to fit most workers, while adjustability can extend accommodation further.