Certified Photogrammetrist Remote Sensing & Image Interpretation

Question 1

Which formula correctly defines the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI)?

Accepted Answer

(NIR − Red)/(NIR + Red)

Answer

NDVI normalizes the difference between near-infrared and red reflectance, yielding values from −1 to +1.

Question 2

The strong near-infrared reflectance of healthy green leaves is primarily caused by what?

Accepted Answer

Internal scattering by the spongy mesophyll cell structure

Answer

Multiple scattering at cell wall–air interfaces in the spongy mesophyll produces high NIR reflectance.

Question 3

Which wavelength range is the primary atmospheric window used for thermal infrared sensing of Earth surface temperatures?

Accepted Answer

8–14 µm

Answer

The 8–14 µm window has low atmospheric absorption and contains the peak emission of objects near Earth's ambient temperature.

Question 4

Rayleigh scattering, which causes haze in aerial imagery, affects which wavelengths most strongly?

Accepted Answer

Blue

Answer

Rayleigh scattering is inversely proportional to the fourth power of wavelength, so shorter blue wavelengths scatter most.

Question 5

What is the spatial resolution of the panchromatic band on the Landsat 8/9 OLI sensor?

Accepted Answer

15 m

Answer

OLI band 8 (panchromatic) has 15 m resolution, while its multispectral bands are 30 m.

Certified Photogrammetrist Practice Test