Certified Photogrammetrist Camera Calibration & Sensor Geometry 3

Question 1

What does exterior orientation of a photograph define?

Accepted Answer

The position and rotational attitude of the camera at the moment of exposure

Answer

The internal geometric parameters of the camera

Answer

The calibration parameters of the lens distortion

Answer

The image coordinate system origin

Question 2

What are the three rotation angles used to describe camera orientation in standard photogrammetric convention?

Accepted Answer

Omega, phi, kappa

Answer

Roll, pitch, yaw

Answer

Alpha, beta, gamma

Answer

Azimuth, elevation, bank

Question 3

The collinearity condition in photogrammetry states that:

Accepted Answer

An object point, the camera perspective center, and its image point must lie on a single straight line

Answer

Control points must be evenly distributed across the image block

Answer

Flight lines must be parallel for accurate triangulation

Answer

Images in a strip must have uniform scale throughout

Question 4

Which type of aerial camera lens has an angular field of view greater than 100 degrees and is used for small-scale mapping?

Accepted Answer

Superwide-angle lens (about 120°)

Answer

Normal-angle lens (about 60°)

Answer

Wide-angle lens (about 90°)

Answer

Telephoto lens (about 30°)

Question 5

What is chromatic aberration in photogrammetric camera lenses?

Accepted Answer

The failure of a lens to focus different wavelengths of light at the same focal point

Answer

Distortion caused by temperature-induced changes in the lens

Answer

Motion blurring caused by aircraft vibration during exposure

Answer

Vignetting (light falloff) at the edges of the image frame

Question 6

In photogrammetric sensor calibration, what is meant by 'self-calibration'?

Accepted Answer

Camera interior orientation parameters are solved simultaneously with exterior orientation during bundle adjustment using object-space control

Answer

The camera automatically adjusts its parameters during flight

Answer

The manufacturer pre-calibrates the sensor before delivery to the client

Answer

Calibration performed using only onboard GPS/IMU data without ground control

Question 7

The f-number (f/stop) of a photogrammetric camera lens is defined as:

Accepted Answer

The focal length divided by the effective aperture (entrance pupil) diameter

Answer

The effective aperture diameter divided by the focal length

Answer

The ratio of image distance to object distance

Answer

The number of optical elements in the lens system