Digital Logic & Microprocessors Flashcards
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Read the first 7 Digital Logic & Microprocessors flashcards as text
In a microprocessor-controlled euthanasia chamber, a sensor outputs a HIGH signal when CO2 concentration exceeds 70%. Which logic gate produces a HIGH output only when BOTH the concentration sensor AND the door-closed sensor are HIGH?
Answer: AND gate
An AND gate outputs HIGH only when all inputs are simultaneously HIGH, making it ideal for safety interlocks requiring multiple conditions to be met.
A euthanasia equipment controller uses an 8-bit binary counter to track cycle duration. What is the maximum decimal count value this counter can represent?
Answer: 255
An 8-bit counter can represent values from 0 to 255 (2^8 - 1 = 255), giving 256 total states.
Which number system uses only the digits 0 and 1 and is the native language of digital microprocessors in euthanasia equipment controllers?
Answer: Binary
Binary (base-2) is the fundamental number system of all digital microprocessors because electronic components naturally represent two states: on (1) and off (0).
A gas flow controller in a euthanasia system uses a truth table with inputs A (flow valve) and B (pressure OK). The output is HIGH only when A=1 and B=0, OR when A=0 and B=1. Which gate implements this logic?
Answer: XOR gate
An XOR (exclusive OR) gate outputs HIGH only when inputs differ, matching the condition A=1,B=0 or A=0,B=1.
In a microprocessor-based euthanasia system, the program counter (PC) register serves what primary function?
Answer: Holds the address of the next instruction to execute
The program counter always holds the memory address of the next instruction the CPU will fetch and execute, controlling program flow.
A euthanasia equipment display shows the hexadecimal value 0xFF. What is the decimal equivalent?
Answer: 255
0xFF in hexadecimal equals 15×16 + 15 = 240 + 15 = 255 in decimal.
Which type of memory in a euthanasia controller retains its stored program and calibration data even when power is removed?
Answer: ROM/Flash memory
ROM and Flash memory are non-volatile, retaining data without power, making them suitable for storing firmware and calibration settings in euthanasia equipment.