Certified Arborist Test Tree Biology and Structure 1

Question 1

Which tissue is responsible for transporting water and dissolved minerals from the roots upward through a tree?

Accepted Answer

Xylem

Answer

Phloem

Answer

Cortex

Answer

Pith

Question 2

What term describes the dead, darkened wood at the center of a tree trunk that no longer conducts water but provides structural support?

Accepted Answer

Heartwood

Answer

Sapwood

Answer

Cambium

Answer

Phelloderm

Question 3

Which of the following correctly describes the role of lenticels on a tree's bark?

Accepted Answer

They allow gas exchange between internal tissues and the atmosphere

Answer

They anchor the root system to soil particles

Answer

They produce the waxy cuticle on leaf surfaces

Answer

They synthesize chlorophyll for bark photosynthesis

Question 4

In tree anatomy, what is the primary purpose of root hairs?

Accepted Answer

Greatly increasing the surface area for water and nutrient absorption

Answer

Storing starch reserves for winter dormancy

Answer

Anchoring the tree against wind throw

Answer

Producing root exudates that suppress competing vegetation

Question 5

What name is given to the protective boundary zone a tree forms between healthy tissue and a wound or decayed area?

Accepted Answer

Reaction zone

Answer

Callus ridge

Answer

Woundwood collar

Answer

Compartmentalization wall

Question 6

Which of the following best describes the function of the phloem in a woody tree?

Accepted Answer

Transporting photosynthetically produced sugars from leaves to other parts of the tree

Answer

Producing new xylem and phloem cells through cell division

Answer

Providing the rigid cellulose framework of the cell wall

Answer

Absorbing atmospheric nitrogen for protein synthesis