Hazard Identification & Risk Analysis Flashcards
7 cards from real CEM practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 7 Hazard Identification & Risk Analysis flashcards as text
Which quantitative risk analysis technique uses probability distributions to model uncertainty across thousands of simulated scenarios?
Answer: Monte Carlo simulation
Monte Carlo simulation runs thousands of random trials using probability distributions to estimate the range and likelihood of risk outcomes.
In the context of a Hazard and Operability (HAZOP) study, what does the guide word 'MORE' indicate?
Answer: A quantitative increase in a parameter beyond design intent
The guide word 'MORE' in HAZOP signifies a quantitative increase, such as higher pressure or greater flow than the design specification allows.
A jurisdiction experiences flooding once every 50 years on average. What is the annual probability of flooding occurring in any given year?
Answer: 2%
A 50-year return period corresponds to a 1/50 = 2% annual probability of occurrence.
Which type of hazard analysis specifically examines the sequence of events leading to an undesired top event using a logic diagram?
Answer: Fault tree analysis
Fault tree analysis uses a top-down deductive logic diagram with AND/OR gates to trace all combinations of failures that could cause a specific top event.
In risk communication, the 'outrage' factor developed by Peter Sandman refers to:
Answer: Non-technical factors that influence public perception of risk
Sandman's outrage factors are non-technical elements—such as voluntariness, fairness, and trust—that heavily shape how the public perceives and responds to risk.
Which element is NOT typically included in a community hazard profile?
Answer: Individual household income data
A hazard profile documents frequency, extent, magnitude, and historical occurrence of hazards—individual household income is a vulnerability indicator, not a hazard characteristic.
The process of estimating the number of people, property values, and critical facilities exposed to a specific hazard is called:
Answer: Exposure analysis
Exposure analysis quantifies what is located within the hazard zone, including population, buildings, infrastructure, and critical facilities.