CEAS Human Anatomy & Biomechanics

Question 1

The lumbar spine consists of how many vertebrae?

Accepted Answer

Five (L1–L5)

Answer

Four (L1–L4)

Answer

Six (L1–L6)

Answer

Seven (C1–C7)

Question 2

The carpal tunnel is bounded on three sides by carpal bones and on the palmar surface by which structure?

Accepted Answer

Flexor retinaculum (transverse carpal ligament)

Answer

Extensor retinaculum

Answer

Annular ligament

Answer

Palmar aponeurosis

Question 3

In seated workstation ergonomics, the 'hip angle' is defined as the angle between:

Accepted Answer

The trunk and the thigh

Answer

The trunk and the floor

Answer

The thigh and the lower leg

Answer

The foot and the ankle

Question 4

Which spinal structure primarily absorbs compressive forces and allows movement between adjacent vertebrae?

Accepted Answer

Intervertebral disc

Answer

Facet joint

Answer

Spinous process

Answer

Transverse process

Question 5

Ulnar deviation of the wrist describes movement of the hand toward:

Accepted Answer

The little finger (ulnar) side

Answer

The thumb (radial) side

Answer

The dorsal (back) surface

Answer

The palmar (front) surface

Question 6

When a worker holds a load at arm's length rather than close to the body, the primary biomechanical effect on the lumbar spine is:

Accepted Answer

Increased spinal moment (torque) due to a greater moment arm

Answer

Reduced compressive force because the load is distributed across a wider area

Answer

No change because the object's weight is the same

Answer

Reduced lower-back muscle activation

Question 7

Neutral wrist posture in ergonomic guidelines is typically defined as approximately:

Accepted Answer

0–15° of extension with 0–5° of ulnar deviation

Answer

90° of wrist flexion

Answer

30° of ulnar deviation

Answer

Maximum pronation with 45° of flexion