Mixed Deck — All CDR Topics Flashcards

What is the primary indication for using a nasojejunal (NJ) tube instead of a nasogastric (NG) tube?

Answer: High risk of aspiration due to gastroparesis or delayed gastric emptying

NJ tubes bypass the stomach and deliver formula directly into the jejunum, significantly reducing aspiration risk in patients with gastroparesis, gastroesophageal reflux, or impaired gastric motility.

What is the purpose of peer review in Commission on Dietetic Registration Exam research methods?

Answer: To have qualified experts evaluate research quality before publication

Peer review involves independent evaluation of research by qualified experts in the field, assessing methodology, validity, significance, and contribution to knowledge before publication.

In Commission on Dietetic Registration Exam, what is the primary purpose of patient assessment in clinical nutrition?

Answer: To gather comprehensive information about the patient's condition to guide care decisions

Patient assessment systematically gathers information about the patient's physical, psychological, and social condition, forming the foundation for clinical decision-making and care planning.

Prior to menopause, women are less likely to be effected by heart disease. In the study of disease epidemiology, gender is known as a:

Answer: fixed determinant

Gender is a fixed determinant of disease epidemiology, as it cannot be changed. Other fixed determinants include race and genetics.

What are the benefits of becoming a registered dietitian (RD) or dietetic technician, registered (DTR) through the CDR examination?

Answer: Career opportunities and professional credibility

Becoming registered through the CDR examination demonstrates expertise and competency in dietetics, enhancing career opportunities and credibility.

In Commission on Dietetic Registration Exam, why is professional practice knowledge important for professional certification?

Answer: It demonstrates competence and ensures practitioners meet established standards

Professional certification in specific knowledge areas demonstrates that practitioners have met established competency standards, ensuring quality of service and public protection.

What is the difference between reliability and validity in Commission on Dietetic Registration Exam assessment?

Answer: Reliability refers to consistency of results; validity refers to accuracy of measurement

Reliability means the assessment produces consistent, stable results across repeated administrations. Validity means the assessment accurately measures what it is intended to measure. Both are needed for quality assessment.

Which micronutrient deficiency is MOST prevalent in toddlers aged 1–3 years in the US and is associated with developmental delays?

Answer: Iron

Iron deficiency is the most common micronutrient deficiency in US toddlers, particularly those who consume excess cow's milk, and is linked to cognitive and developmental delays.

Which complication is most commonly associated with long-term parenteral nutrition use?

Answer: Parenteral nutrition-associated liver disease (PNALD)

Parenteral nutrition-associated liver disease (PNALD) is the most common serious long-term complication of PN, characterized by cholestasis, steatosis, and potentially progressing to cirrhosis.

During a marathon, a runner consumes a 6% carbohydrate sports drink. What is the primary benefit of this concentration compared to plain water?

Answer: Maintains blood glucose and delays glycogen depletion

A 6% carbohydrate solution provides exogenous glucose to working muscles, helping to spare muscle glycogen and delay fatigue.

What are the educational requirements to sit for the CDR nutrition examination?

Answer: Bachelor's degree in dietetics or nutrition from an accredited program

Candidates must have completed specific academic requirements in accredited programs in dietetics or nutrition to be eligible for the CDR examination.

A school-age child with phenylketonuria (PKU) must restrict which amino acid to prevent neurological damage?

Answer: Phenylalanine

PKU is caused by a deficiency of phenylalanine hydroxylase, requiring strict dietary restriction of phenylalanine to prevent accumulation and neurotoxicity.

What is the primary fuel source for high-intensity anaerobic exercise lasting 10–30 seconds?

Answer: Phosphocreatine (PCr)

Phosphocreatine provides rapid ATP resynthesis for very short bursts of maximal-intensity activity.

In Commission on Dietetic Registration Exam, what is the primary purpose of formative assessment?

Answer: To monitor progress and provide feedback during the learning or development process

Formative assessment is conducted during the process to monitor progress, identify areas needing improvement, and provide timely feedback that can guide adjustments.

Which of the following medical conditions would require the use of total parenteral nutrition versus enteral nutrition?

Answer: Ischemic bowel disease

Parenteral nutrition is used to treat patients who cannot eat or have limited digestive powers by providing a liquid mixture of nutrients directly to the bloodstream. Parenteral nutrition may be used if a feeding tube hasn't worked, or if the patient has a condition such as Crohn's disease, cancer, short bowel syndrome, or ischemic bowel disease.

Which resource allocation strategy in Commission on Dietetic Registration Exam food service management focuses on maximizing output with limited resources?

Answer: Optimization of available resources through prioritization

Resource optimization involves strategically prioritizing and allocating limited resources to maximize output and achieve objectives efficiently, balancing competing demands.

Which carbohydrate intake strategy is recommended for athletes performing high-intensity exercise lasting more than 90 minutes?

Answer: Carbohydrate loading (supercompensation)

Carbohydrate loading maximizes muscle glycogen stores to delay fatigue during prolonged high-intensity exercise.

What is a "control group" in Commission on Dietetic Registration Exam research?

Answer: A group that does not receive the experimental treatment, serving as a baseline comparison

The control group does not receive the experimental treatment or intervention, providing a baseline against which the experimental group's results can be compared to determine the effect of the treatment.

What osmolality range is generally considered safe for peripheral parenteral nutrition (PPN) to avoid thrombophlebitis?

Answer: Less than 900 mOsm/L

PPN solutions should not exceed approximately 900 mOsm/L to minimize the risk of thrombophlebitis and vein irritation when infusing through a peripheral vein.

Which level of biological organization represents the most complex in Commission on Dietetic Registration Exam nutritional biochemistry?

Answer: Ecosystem

The hierarchy from simplest to most complex goes: atom → molecule → cell → tissue → organ → organ system → organism → population → community → ecosystem → biosphere.