CDR Pediatric Nutrition Flashcards

A registered dietitian is assessing a 5-year-old with suspected celiac disease. Which nutrient deficiency is MOST commonly associated with untreated celiac disease?

Answer: Iron

Celiac disease causes villous atrophy in the proximal small intestine, impairing iron absorption and frequently leading to iron deficiency anemia.

Which formula is recommended as the primary nutrition source for premature infants in the NICU who cannot receive human milk?

Answer: Premature infant formula with higher protein and caloric density

Premature infant formulas provide higher calories (22–24 kcal/oz), protein, calcium, and phosphorus to meet the accelerated growth needs of preterm infants.

What is the BEST approach for managing a selective eater (picky eater) in a toddler, according to pediatric nutrition guidelines?

Answer: Provide structured meals with repeated low-pressure exposure to new foods

Structured meals with repeated, low-pressure exposure and a division of responsibility (parent offers, child decides intake) are evidence-based strategies for picky eating.

A school-age child with phenylketonuria (PKU) must restrict which amino acid to prevent neurological damage?

Answer: Phenylalanine

PKU is caused by a deficiency of phenylalanine hydroxylase, requiring strict dietary restriction of phenylalanine to prevent accumulation and neurotoxicity.

Which breastfeeding characteristic makes human milk superior to infant formula for immune protection in newborns?

Answer: Presence of secretory IgA and lactoferrin

Secretory IgA and lactoferrin in breast milk provide passive immunity and inhibit pathogen growth in the infant's gut.

An adolescent female athlete restricts dairy due to lactose intolerance. Which calcium-fortified alternative beverage provides a comparable amount of calcium per serving?

Answer: Fortified soy milk

Calcium-fortified soy milk provides approximately 300 mg of calcium per cup, comparable to cow's milk, and also provides protein.