CDN Renal & Cardiac Nutrition 4

Question 1

A renal dietitian assesses a patient's protein-energy wasting (PEW). Which combination of findings best confirms PEW in a dialysis patient?

Accepted Answer

Low serum albumin, unintentional weight loss, and reduced muscle mass

Answer

PEW is characterized by low serum albumin, involuntary weight loss, and muscle wasting, reflecting inadequate protein and energy stores in CKD.

Question 2

Which cooking method most effectively reduces the potassium content of vegetables for CKD patients?

Accepted Answer

Leaching (boiling in large amounts of water and discarding water)

Answer

Leaching by peeling, cutting small, soaking in water, then boiling and discarding the water can reduce vegetable potassium by 30-50%.

Question 3

A patient with cardiac cachexia needs nutritional support. What calorie target is most appropriate?

Accepted Answer

25-35 kcal/kg/day

Answer

Cardiac cachexia patients require 25-35 kcal/kg/day to support anabolism and prevent further catabolism without overloading cardiac function.

Question 4

What is the primary concern with using phosphorus-containing food additives in CKD patients compared to natural phosphorus in food?

Accepted Answer

Inorganic phosphorus additives are nearly 100% absorbed vs 40-60% of organic phosphorus

Answer

Inorganic phosphate additives are almost completely absorbed intestinally, while organic phosphorus bound to proteins in natural foods is only 40-60% bioavailable.

Question 5

A patient with nephrotic syndrome presents with significant edema and low serum albumin. What protein recommendation is appropriate?

Accepted Answer

Normal protein intake (0.8-1.0 g/kg) as high protein increases proteinuria

Answer

High protein intake worsens proteinuria in nephrotic syndrome; normal intake of 0.8-1.0 g/kg is recommended to avoid accelerating protein losses.

(CDN) Certified Dietician Nutritionist Practice Test

(CDN) Certified Dietician Nutritionist Practice Test

CDN Renal & Cardiac Nutrition 4