CDN Renal & Cardiac Nutrition 2

Question 1

A patient on hemodialysis has a serum phosphorus of 7.2 mg/dL. Which dietary strategy should be prioritized first?

Accepted Answer

Restrict dietary phosphorus to 800-1000 mg/day

Answer

Dietary phosphorus restriction to 800-1000 mg/day is the first-line intervention for hyperphosphatemia in dialysis patients.

Question 2

Which lipoprotein pattern is most commonly associated with increased cardiovascular risk in patients with chronic kidney disease?

Accepted Answer

Elevated triglycerides and low HDL

Answer

CKD patients typically exhibit a dyslipidemia pattern of elevated triglycerides and low HDL, increasing cardiovascular risk.

Question 3

A CKD stage 3 patient (GFR 35 mL/min) asks about protein intake. What is the recommended protein level?

Accepted Answer

0.6-0.8 g/kg/day

Answer

NKF-KDOQI recommends 0.6-0.8 g/kg/day of protein for non-dialysis CKD patients to slow progression.

Question 4

Which cardiac condition most directly requires limiting dietary saturated fat to less than 7% of total calories?

Accepted Answer

Hypercholesterolemia with coronary artery disease

Answer

Therapeutic lifestyle changes for hypercholesterolemia with CAD include restricting saturated fat to <7% of calories to reduce LDL.

Question 5

A dialysis patient reports muscle cramps during sessions. Laboratory values show serum sodium 138, potassium 4.8, and BUN 65. What is the most likely nutritional cause?

Accepted Answer

Excessive interdialytic weight gain from fluid and sodium intake

Answer

Excessive interdialytic fluid and sodium intake leads to large volume shifts during dialysis, causing cramps.

(CDN) Certified Dietician Nutritionist Practice Test

(CDN) Certified Dietician Nutritionist Practice Test

CDN Renal & Cardiac Nutrition 2