CDN Nutritional Science & Dietetics 5

Question 1

Which dietary pattern is most strongly supported by evidence for reducing cardiovascular disease risk?

Accepted Answer

Mediterranean diet

Answer

The Mediterranean diet, rich in olive oil, fish, fruits, vegetables, and whole grains, has the strongest evidence base for reducing CVD morbidity and mortality.

Question 2

What is the Estimated Average Requirement (EAR) used for in dietary planning?

Accepted Answer

Estimating the intake that meets the needs of 50% of a healthy population

Answer

The EAR is the daily intake estimated to meet the requirements of half of all healthy individuals in a group and is used to assess population adequacy.

Question 3

A client with lactose intolerance asks about calcium sources. Which plant-based food provides the most bioavailable calcium?

Accepted Answer

Fortified soy milk

Answer

Fortified soy milk provides calcium that is highly bioavailable (absorption ~30%), comparable to cow's milk, unlike spinach and beet greens which contain oxalates that inhibit calcium absorption.

Question 4

Which enzyme, secreted by the pancreas, is responsible for breaking down dietary triglycerides in the small intestine?

Accepted Answer

Pancreatic lipase

Answer

Pancreatic lipase hydrolyzes triglycerides into free fatty acids and monoglycerides in the small intestine, a process facilitated by bile salts.

Question 5

Which condition is most associated with excess vitamin A intake during pregnancy?

Accepted Answer

Teratogenicity and fetal malformations

Answer

Preformed vitamin A (retinol) is teratogenic at high doses, causing craniofacial, cardiac, and CNS malformations; pregnant women should avoid supplements exceeding the UL.

(CDN) Certified Dietician Nutritionist Practice Test

(CDN) Certified Dietician Nutritionist Practice Test

CDN Nutritional Science & Dietetics 5