CDN Enteral & Parenteral Nutrition Flashcards

What is the primary advantage of a closed enteral feeding system over an open system?

Answer: Reduced risk of microbial contamination with longer hang times (up to 24–48 hours)

Closed systems are pre-filled and sealed, significantly reducing contamination risk and allowing hang times of 24–48 hours compared to 8 hours for open systems.

A patient on PN develops essential fatty acid deficiency (EFAD). Which clinical sign is characteristic of this condition?

Answer: Scaly dermatitis and poor wound healing

EFAD presents with scaly dermatitis, alopecia, and impaired wound healing due to inadequate linoleic and alpha-linolenic acid.

Which amino acid is considered conditionally essential and is commonly added to PN formulations for critically ill or surgical patients?

Answer: Glutamine

Glutamine becomes conditionally essential during critical illness and surgery, as it is rapidly depleted and supports gut integrity and immune function.

What is the recommended caloric goal (kcal/kg/day) for most non-obese hospitalized adults requiring nutrition support?

Answer: 25–30 kcal/kg/day

ASPEN guidelines recommend 25–30 kcal/kg/day as a general target for hospitalized adults to meet metabolic needs without overfeeding.

Which dextrose concentration is typically used in peripheral parenteral nutrition (PPN) to avoid vein irritation?

Answer: 10% dextrose or less

PPN uses ≤10% dextrose to maintain osmolality below ~900 mOsm/L and prevent thrombophlebitis in peripheral veins.

When should parenteral nutrition be cycled (infused over 12–16 hours) rather than continuously?

Answer: In stable patients transitioning to home PN or resuming oral intake

Cycling PN mimics normal eating patterns, allows hepatic rest, and is standard practice for stable patients on home PN or those resuming oral feeding.