CDCES Nutrition and Meal Planning Flashcards

How many grams of carbohydrate are in one carbohydrate serving (exchange) used in basic meal planning for diabetes?

Answer: 15 grams

One carbohydrate serving equals 15 grams of carbohydrate in standard diabetes meal planning.

Which eating pattern has the strongest evidence base for improving glycemic control in adults with type 2 diabetes?

Answer: Mediterranean-style diet

The Mediterranean-style diet has robust evidence for improving glycemic control and cardiovascular outcomes in type 2 diabetes.

What is the recommended daily fiber intake for adults with diabetes according to the ADA Standards of Care?

Answer: 25–38 g/day

The ADA recommends 25–38 g of fiber per day for adults with diabetes, consistent with guidelines for the general population.

A patient asks about non-nutritive sweeteners. Which statement best reflects current ADA guidance?

Answer: They may be used to reduce overall calorie and carbohydrate intake

Non-nutritive sweeteners are acceptable when used to reduce overall calorie and carbohydrate intake, but should not displace nutrient-dense foods.

Which method is most commonly taught to people with type 2 diabetes as a simple visual guide for portion control?

Answer: The plate method

The plate method (half non-starchy vegetables, one quarter protein, one quarter carbohydrate) is a simple and effective visual portion control tool.

How does dietary fat affect postprandial blood glucose?

Answer: Fat delays gastric emptying and can prolong postprandial glucose elevation

Dietary fat slows gastric emptying, which can delay and prolong postprandial glucose elevation, particularly relevant for insulin dose timing.