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Pharmacology & Drug Administration Flashcards

7 cards from real CDC practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.

Read the first 7 Pharmacology & Drug Administration flashcards as text

  1. Which vasoconstrictor alternative to epinephrine is used in local anesthetic solutions for patients with specific cardiovascular concerns?

    Answer: Levonordefrin

    Levonordefrin (Neo-Cobefrin) is used as an alternative vasoconstrictor to epinephrine in mepivacaine solutions for patients where epinephrine is a concern.

  2. What is the pharmacological purpose of adding a vasoconstrictor to a local anesthetic solution?

    Answer: Prolong duration of anesthesia and reduce systemic absorption

    Vasoconstrictors constrict blood vessels at the injection site, slowing systemic absorption and prolonging local anesthetic duration.

  3. Which law governs the prescribing, dispensing, and use of controlled substances in the United States?

    Answer: Controlled Substances Act (CSA)

    The Controlled Substances Act (CSA) of 1970 regulates the manufacture, distribution, and dispensing of controlled substances in the US.

  4. A ceramist develops contact dermatitis from repeated nickel exposure in metal-ceramic alloys. Which class of drug provides first-line symptomatic relief?

    Answer: Topical corticosteroids

    Topical corticosteroids reduce inflammation and pruritus associated with allergic contact dermatitis caused by metal sensitization.

  5. Which dental drug has a well-known drug-drug interaction with metronidazole that causes a disulfiram-like reaction?

    Answer: Alcohol-containing mouth rinses or medications

    Metronidazole inhibits aldehyde dehydrogenase; concurrent alcohol exposure causes nausea, flushing, and tachycardia (disulfiram-like reaction).

  6. What is the correct first step in managing anaphylaxis occurring in a dental setting?

    Answer: Administer intramuscular epinephrine (0.3–0.5 mg)

    IM epinephrine is the first and most critical treatment for anaphylaxis, reversing bronchoconstriction and vasodilation immediately.

  7. Which pharmacokinetic process describes the transformation of a drug into its active or inactive metabolites within the body?

    Answer: Metabolism (biotransformation)

    Metabolism or biotransformation, primarily occurring in the liver, converts drugs into metabolites that may be pharmacologically active or inactive.