Pharmacology & Drug Administration Flashcards
7 cards from real CDC practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 7 Pharmacology & Drug Administration flashcards as text
Which opioid analgesic is most commonly prescribed for moderate-to-severe dental pain in combination with acetaminophen?
Answer: Hydrocodone
Hydrocodone/acetaminophen (e.g., Vicodin) is frequently prescribed for moderate-to-severe post-dental pain in the US.
A dental patient is taking selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs). What increased risk should a dental ceramist be aware of?
Answer: Increased bleeding tendency
SSRIs reduce platelet aggregation by depleting serotonin in platelets, thereby increasing bleeding risk during dental procedures.
What is the primary pharmacological mechanism of acetaminophen (paracetamol) relevant to post-procedural pain management?
Answer: Central inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis
Acetaminophen acts centrally to inhibit prostaglandin synthesis; it has minimal peripheral anti-inflammatory effect unlike NSAIDs.
Which schedule classification under the DEA indicates the highest abuse potential with no accepted medical use?
Answer: Schedule I
DEA Schedule I drugs have the highest abuse potential and no accepted medical use in the US (e.g., heroin, LSD).
In the context of dental laboratory safety, what is the recommended first action if hydrofluoric acid (used in ceramic etching) contacts skin?
Answer: Flush with water, then apply calcium gluconate gel
Hydrofluoric acid burns require copious water flushing followed by calcium gluconate gel to chelate fluoride ions and prevent systemic toxicity.
Which type of drug interaction occurs when two drugs given together produce an effect greater than the sum of their individual effects?
Answer: Synergism (potentiation)
Synergism or potentiation describes when combined drug effects exceed the sum of individual effects, such as opioids combined with benzodiazepines.
A patient with a documented penicillin allergy needs antibiotic prophylaxis before a dental procedure. What is the recommended alternative?
Answer: Clindamycin or azithromycin
For penicillin-allergic patients, the AHA recommends clindamycin or azithromycin as alternative prophylactic antibiotics.