Customs Regulations & Compliance Flashcards
7 cards from real CCS practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 7 Customs Regulations & Compliance flashcards as text
What is the 'substantial transformation' test used to determine in U.S. customs law?
Answer: The country of origin of merchandise that has been processed in multiple countries
The substantial transformation test determines country of origin: goods are considered to originate from the country where they underwent a fundamental change in name, character, or use.
Under CBP regulations, how long must importers generally retain records related to import transactions?
Answer: 5 years from the date of entry
19 CFR Part 163 requires importers to retain entry records and supporting documents for five years from the date of entry of the merchandise.
A shipment arrives with a commercial invoice that lists a price 40% below the price paid under a separate side agreement. This scenario describes which customs violation?
Answer: Invoice fraud / undervaluation through double invoicing
Double invoicing — presenting a low false invoice to CBP while paying a higher true price — constitutes customs fraud through deliberate undervaluation.
What is the legal effect when a customs entry is 'deemed liquidated' due to CBP's failure to act within the statutory period?
Answer: Liquidation occurs by operation of law at the entered rate, and no further duties can be assessed
When CBP fails to liquidate within the statutory period without a valid extension, the entry is deemed liquidated at the rate entered, preventing CBP from assessing additional duties.
Which agency, in addition to CBP, plays a key role in administering antidumping and countervailing duty orders?
Answer: Department of Commerce (DOC) and the International Trade Commission (ITC)
The Department of Commerce investigates dumping/subsidy margins and issues orders, while the ITC determines injury to domestic industries; CBP then enforces collection.
Under 19 U.S.C. § 1592, which level of culpability results in the highest penalty for customs fraud?
Answer: Fraud
Section 1592 establishes three tiers — negligence, gross negligence, and fraud — with fraud carrying the highest penalty of up to the domestic value of the merchandise.
What is the purpose of a Temporary Importation under Bond (TIB) entry?
Answer: To import merchandise duty-free that will be exported or destroyed within a specified period without entering U.S. commerce
TIB entries allow goods to enter the U.S. duty-free for purposes such as testing, demonstration, or repair, provided they are re-exported or destroyed within the allowed time (typically 1 year).