CCS CCS Cardiac Anatomy and Physiology

Question 1

Which coronary artery supplies the sinoatrial (SA) node in approximately 60% of individuals?

Accepted Answer

Right coronary artery

Answer

The right coronary artery supplies the SA node in about 60% of people, making it critical in bradyarrhythmia management after RCA injury.

Question 2

The left main coronary artery typically bifurcates into which two vessels?

Accepted Answer

LAD and LCx

Answer

The left main coronary artery divides into the left anterior descending (LAD) and left circumflex (LCx) arteries.

Question 3

Which valve separates the left atrium from the left ventricle?

Accepted Answer

Mitral valve

Answer

The mitral (bicuspid) valve, composed of anterior and posterior leaflets, separates the left atrium from the left ventricle.

Question 4

Cardiac output is defined as which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Heart rate multiplied by stroke volume

Answer

Cardiac output equals heart rate multiplied by stroke volume, and a normal resting value is approximately 4–8 L/min.

Question 5

The papillary muscles of the left ventricle are connected to the mitral valve leaflets via which structures?

Accepted Answer

Tendinous cords (chordae tendineae)

Answer

Chordae tendineae attach the papillary muscles to the mitral valve leaflets, preventing leaflet prolapse during systole.

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