CCS CCS Cardiac Anatomy and Physiology 2

Question 1

In right heart dominance, the posterior descending artery (PDA) originates from which vessel?

Accepted Answer

Right coronary artery

Answer

In right heart dominance (~85% of patients), the PDA arises from the right coronary artery, supplying the inferior interventricular septum.

Question 2

The Frank-Starling law of the heart describes which relationship?

Accepted Answer

Ventricular preload and stroke volume

Answer

The Frank-Starling law states that increased ventricular filling (preload) stretches myocardial fibers, resulting in greater stroke volume.

Question 3

Which of the four cardiac valves is located most anteriorly in the chest?

Accepted Answer

Pulmonary valve

Answer

The pulmonary valve is the most anteriorly positioned valve, located at the right ventricular outflow tract just beneath the sternum.

Question 4

Ventricular end-diastolic pressure (VEDP) is used clinically as a surrogate for which cardiac parameter?

Accepted Answer

Preload

Answer

VEDP reflects the volume of blood in the ventricle at end-diastole and is used as a clinical measure of preload.

Question 5

Which structure forms the muscular partition between the right and left ventricles?

Accepted Answer

Interventricular septum

Answer

The interventricular septum divides the right and left ventricles and is predominantly supplied by the LAD artery.

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