Cisco CCNP Certification Exam — Questions and Answers

Question 1: What is the purpose of access controls in Cisco Certified Network Professional wireless networking?

To track employee lunch breaks
To ensure only authorized users can view or modify sensitive data and systems (Correct answer)
To make systems slower and less convenient
To reduce the number of system users

Correct answer: To ensure only authorized users can view or modify sensitive data and systems

Access controls restrict system and data access to authorized personnel, protecting sensitive information from unauthorized viewing, modification, or deletion.

Question 2: In an MPLS L3VPN, which protocol is used to exchange VPN routing information between PE routers?

MP-BGP with VPNv4 address family (Correct answer)
OSPF with route redistribution
IS-IS with extended TLVs
EIGRP with named mode

Correct answer: MP-BGP with VPNv4 address family

Multiprotocol BGP (MP-BGP) with the VPNv4 address family carries customer VPN prefixes between PE routers using Route Distinguishers and Route Targets to separate and import/export routes.

Question 3: Which command on a Cisco PE router verifies that a VRF has the correct Route Distinguisher and Route Targets configured?

show ip vrf interfaces
show ip bgp vpnv4 all
show mpls ldp neighbor detail
show vrf detail (Correct answer)

Correct answer: show vrf detail

'show vrf detail' displays the VRF's RD, import/export Route Targets, associated interfaces, and address families configured on the PE router.

Question 4: Layer 2 switching uses which of the following values to forward data?

IPX address
MAC address (Correct answer)
UDP port
RIP address
IP address

Correct answer: MAC address

Explanation: Layer 2 switching uses MAC addresses to forward data. MAC addresses are unique identifiers assigned to network interface cards (NICs) at the factory. Layer 2 switches use these addresses to determine the destination of the data and forward it to the appropriate device on the local network. IP addresses, IPX addresses, RIP addresses, and UDP ports are all used in different layers of the network stack and are not directly used by layer 2 switching

Question 5: What does system integration mean in Cisco Certified Network Professional network security?

Replacing all systems with a single application
Connecting different systems so they can work together and share data seamlessly (Correct answer)
Operating each system independently without data sharing
Disabling connections between departments

Correct answer: Connecting different systems so they can work together and share data seamlessly

System integration connects different technology systems to work together seamlessly, enabling data sharing, reducing redundancy, and improving workflow efficiency across the organization.

Question 6: What is a best practice in Cisco Certified Network Professional infrastructure services?

The cheapest available approach
A practice used only by large organizations
Any practice that is easy to implement
A method or technique recognized as superior based on evidence and expert consensus (Correct answer)

Correct answer: A method or technique recognized as superior based on evidence and expert consensus

Best practices are methods, techniques, or approaches that are recognized through evidence, research, and expert consensus as producing superior results and are recommended for adoption.

Question 7: In Cisco ACI, what is a Contract used for?

Map a VLAN to a bridge domain
Configure uplink port speeds on leaf switches
Define permitted communication between EPGs (Correct answer)
Allocate IP addresses to endpoints

Correct answer: Define permitted communication between EPGs

Contracts define the allowed protocols and ports for communication between EPGs; without a contract, inter-EPG traffic is denied by default.

Question 8: What does system integration mean in Cisco Certified Network Professional wireless networking?

Connecting different systems so they can work together and share data seamlessly (Correct answer)
Replacing all systems with a single application
Operating each system independently without data sharing
Disabling connections between departments

Correct answer: Connecting different systems so they can work together and share data seamlessly

System integration connects different technology systems to work together seamlessly, enabling data sharing, reducing redundancy, and improving workflow efficiency across the organization.

Question 9: What technology does Cisco FEX (Fabric Extender) implement?

Extends the parent Nexus switch's ports to a remote chassis without requiring a separate control plane (Correct answer)
Enables out-of-band management for blade servers
Creates a virtual chassis between multiple Nexus switches
Provides VXLAN gateway services for the ACI fabric

Correct answer: Extends the parent Nexus switch's ports to a remote chassis without requiring a separate control plane

Cisco FEX extends the parent Nexus switch's port count to a remote satellite device, which appears as a line card of the parent without its own control plane.

Question 10: Which backup strategy in Cisco Certified Network Professional provides the most comprehensive data protection?

Storing all data on a single device
Backing up data only once a year
Regular incremental backups combined with periodic full backups (Correct answer)
Printing all records on paper only

Correct answer: Regular incremental backups combined with periodic full backups

A combination of regular incremental backups (capturing changes) and periodic full backups provides comprehensive data protection, balancing storage efficiency with recovery capability.

Question 11: What is the default VTP mode on a Cisco Nexus switch?

Server
Transparent (Correct answer)
Off
Client

Correct answer: Transparent

Cisco Nexus switches default to VTP Transparent mode, which means they do not participate in VTP domain synchronization.

Question 12: What mechanism does Penultimate Hop Popping (PHP) use to reduce processing on the egress LSR?

The ingress PE router pops the label before forwarding
BGP next-hop self is enabled on the penultimate router
The second-to-last LSR pops the outermost label before the final hop (Correct answer)
The egress PE applies a swap operation instead of a pop

Correct answer: The second-to-last LSR pops the outermost label before the final hop

PHP allows the penultimate (second-to-last) LSR to remove the top MPLS label so the egress LSR receives a plain IP packet or inner label, reducing its lookup overhead.

Question 13: A switch block should be sized according to what?

A study of the traffic patterns and flows (Correct answer)
A maximum of 250 access-layer users
The number of servers accessed by users
The amount of rack space available
The number of access-layer users (Correct answer)

Correct answer: A study of the traffic patterns and flows

Explanation: A switch block should be sized according to the number of access-layer users and a study of the traffic patterns and flows. The number of access-layer users is important because it determines the capacity needed to handle the network traffic. A study of the traffic patterns and flows helps to understand the data flow and identify potential bottlenecks or areas of high traffic, allowing for proper sizing of the switch block to ensure optimal performance and efficiency.

Question 14: Which command is used to verify the vPC status and role on a Cisco Nexus switch?

show lacp neighbor
show vpc (Correct answer)
show port-channel summary
show vpc peer-keepalive

Correct answer: show vpc

The 'show vpc' command displays the vPC domain ID, role (primary/secondary), peer link status, and per-vPC consistency status.

Question 15: Which approach is most effective for mastering quality of service in Cisco Certified Network Professional?

Combining theoretical study with practical application and regular review (Correct answer)
Studying only immediately before examinations
Memorizing textbook definitions without understanding
Relying solely on on-the-job experience

Correct answer: Combining theoretical study with practical application and regular review

The most effective approach combines theoretical understanding with practical application, reinforced by regular review and assessment, enabling deeper comprehension and long-term retention.

Question 16: In which OSI layer should devices in the distribution layer typically operate?

Layer 2
Layer 4
Layer 3 (Correct answer)
Layer 1

Correct answer: Layer 3

Explanation: Devices in the distribution layer typically operate at Layer 3 of the OSI model. Layer 3, also known as the network layer, is responsible for routing packets across different networks. The distribution layer connects different LANs or VLANs and performs functions like routing, filtering, and policy-based traffic control. It ensures that packets are delivered to the correct destination network by examining IP addresses and making routing decisions. Therefore, devices in the distribution layer primarily operate at Layer 3 to facilitate inter-network communication.

Question 17: In a dual-stack IPv6 deployment, what is the purpose of a DHCPv6 prefix delegation (DHCPv6-PD)?

Allows an ISP or upstream router to delegate an IPv6 prefix to a customer router for sub-allocation to its downstream interfaces (Correct answer)
Assigns a unique /128 loopback address to each router in the network
Provides stateful IPv6 address assignment to individual hosts on a LAN
Translates DHCPv4 lease requests into DHCPv6 format for dual-stack hosts

Correct answer: Allows an ISP or upstream router to delegate an IPv6 prefix to a customer router for sub-allocation to its downstream interfaces

DHCPv6-PD (RFC 3633) enables an upstream device to delegate an IPv6 prefix (typically /48 or /56) to a CPE router, which then sub-delegates /64 prefixes to its LAN interfaces.

Question 18: What is MLDv2 (Multicast Listener Discovery version 2) used for in IPv6 networks?

Manages multicast address allocation across the IPv6 address space
Allows IPv6 hosts to report multicast group membership including source-specific requests to their local router (Correct answer)
Provides router-to-router multicast routing for IPv6 networks
Replaces PIMv6 for multicast tree building in IPv6 environments

Correct answer: Allows IPv6 hosts to report multicast group membership including source-specific requests to their local router

MLDv2 is the IPv6 equivalent of IGMPv3 and allows hosts to signal both group membership and specific source preferences to their local router for SSM support.

Question 19: Which approach is most effective for mastering troubleshooting methods in Cisco Certified Network Professional?

Relying solely on on-the-job experience
Memorizing textbook definitions without understanding
Studying only immediately before examinations
Combining theoretical study with practical application and regular review (Correct answer)

Correct answer: Combining theoretical study with practical application and regular review

The most effective approach combines theoretical understanding with practical application, reinforced by regular review and assessment, enabling deeper comprehension and long-term retention.

Question 20: What is the primary consideration when implementing new technology in Cisco Certified Network Professional?

Ensuring compatibility with existing systems and meeting user requirements (Correct answer)
Selecting the most expensive option available
Choosing based on brand popularity alone
Implementing without user input or testing

Correct answer: Ensuring compatibility with existing systems and meeting user requirements

Successful technology implementation requires ensuring compatibility with existing infrastructure, meeting actual user needs, providing adequate training, and following a structured deployment plan.

Question 21: Which one of the following tasks is not an appropriate strategy for migrating an existing network into the Enterprise Composite Model?

Identify distribution switches to connect the switch blocks (Correct answer)
Group common resources into switch blocks
Identify groups of end users as switch blocks
Add redundancy between the hierarchical layers

Correct answer: Identify distribution switches to connect the switch blocks

Explanation: The task of identifying distribution switches to connect the switch blocks is not an appropriate strategy for migrating an existing network into the Enterprise Composite Model. The Enterprise Composite Model is a hierarchical network design that consists of access, distribution, and core layers. In this model, switch blocks are connected to distribution switches, which are then connected to the core layer. Therefore, the distribution switches should already be identified and in place before migrating the network into the Enterprise Composite Model.

Question 22: What is the purpose of the 'mpls ip' command on a Cisco router interface?

It enables LDP on the interface so it can exchange labels with directly connected LSR neighbors (Correct answer)
It sets the interface as a TE tunnel endpoint for RSVP signaling
It assigns an MPLS label to the IP address configured on the interface
It activates MPLS QoS DiffServ mode on the interface

Correct answer: It enables LDP on the interface so it can exchange labels with directly connected LSR neighbors

The 'mpls ip' interface command enables LDP (Label Distribution Protocol) on that interface, allowing the router to discover LDP neighbors and exchange label bindings for IP prefixes.

Question 23: In Cisco Certified Network Professional, what role does continuing education play in advanced routing?

To prevent professionals from advancing in their careers
To replace initial certification requirements
To keep professionals current with evolving standards, technologies, and best practices (Correct answer)
To increase testing frequency for compliance purposes

Correct answer: To keep professionals current with evolving standards, technologies, and best practices

Continuing education ensures professionals stay current with new developments, evolving standards, and emerging best practices in their field, maintaining competence throughout their careers.

Question 24: In Cisco Certified Network Professional, what is the primary benefit of implementing automated network automation?

Increasing manual processing requirements
Reducing quality standards
Eliminating the need for skilled professionals
Increased efficiency, accuracy, and consistency in operations (Correct answer)

Correct answer: Increased efficiency, accuracy, and consistency in operations

Automation improves operational efficiency by reducing human error, increasing processing speed, ensuring consistency, and freeing professionals to focus on tasks requiring human judgment.

Question 25: What does the 20/80 rule of networking state? (Pick one.)

Twenty percent of the traffic on a network segment stays local, whereas 80 percent of it travels across the network. (Correct answer)
Twenty percent of the traffic on a network segment travels across the network, whereas 80 percent of it stays local.
Only 20 out of 80 packets arrive at the destination.
Twenty percent of the network is used 80 percent of the time.

Correct answer: Twenty percent of the traffic on a network segment stays local, whereas 80 percent of it travels across the network.

Explanation: The 20/80 rule of networking states that twenty percent of the traffic on a network segment stays local, whereas 80 percent of it travels across the network. This means that only a small portion of the network traffic remains within a specific segment, while the majority of it is transmitted across different segments or even outside of the network. This rule highlights the importance of efficient network design and management to ensure smooth and effective data transmission.

Question 26: What is a best practice in Cisco Certified Network Professional sd-wan?

Any practice that is easy to implement
A method or technique recognized as superior based on evidence and expert consensus (Correct answer)
A practice used only by large organizations
The cheapest available approach

Correct answer: A method or technique recognized as superior based on evidence and expert consensus

Best practices are methods, techniques, or approaches that are recognized through evidence, research, and expert consensus as producing superior results and are recommended for adoption.

Question 27: In CCNP, what is the relationship between standards and advanced concepts?

Standards only apply to entry-level professionals
Standards provide the framework and benchmarks that guide professional practice (Correct answer)
There is no relationship between standards and practice
Standards are suggestions that can be freely ignored

Correct answer: Standards provide the framework and benchmarks that guide professional practice

Professional standards establish the framework, benchmarks, and expectations that guide practice, ensuring consistency, quality, and accountability.

Question 28: What is Bidirectional PIM (Bidir-PIM) and when is it preferred over PIM-SM?

An extension of PIM-SM that removes the need for source registration with the RP
A PIM variant that uses two RPs for redundancy in case the primary RP fails
A PIM mode where traffic flows in both directions along a shared tree, preferred for many-to-many multicast applications (Correct answer)
A mode that creates both a shared tree and an SPT simultaneously from the start

Correct answer: A PIM mode where traffic flows in both directions along a shared tree, preferred for many-to-many multicast applications

Bidir-PIM builds a bidirectional shared tree rooted at the RP, allowing traffic to flow both toward and away from the RP, making it more scalable for many-to-many communication patterns.

Question 29: What is the primary consideration when implementing new technology in Cisco Certified Network Professional?

Ensuring compatibility with existing systems and meeting user requirements (Correct answer)
Choosing based on brand popularity alone
Implementing without user input or testing
Selecting the most expensive option available

Correct answer: Ensuring compatibility with existing systems and meeting user requirements

Successful technology implementation requires ensuring compatibility with existing infrastructure, meeting actual user needs, providing adequate training, and following a structured deployment plan.

Question 30: End-user PCs should be connected into which of the following hierarchical layers?

Common layer
Distribution layer
Access layer (Correct answer)
Core layer

Correct answer: Access layer

Explanation: End-user PCs should be connected to the access layer of the hierarchical network design. The access layer is responsible for connecting end-user devices to the network. It provides local network access, authentication, and security services. This layer is also responsible for implementing policies and controlling user access to network resources. By connecting end-user PCs to the access layer, network administrators can efficiently manage and control network traffic, ensuring that end-users have the necessary access to resources while maintaining network security and performance.

Question 31: In Cisco Certified Network Professional, what role does continuing education play in infrastructure services?

To increase testing frequency for compliance purposes
To prevent professionals from advancing in their careers
To replace initial certification requirements
To keep professionals current with evolving standards, technologies, and best practices (Correct answer)

Correct answer: To keep professionals current with evolving standards, technologies, and best practices

Continuing education ensures professionals stay current with new developments, evolving standards, and emerging best practices in their field, maintaining competence throughout their careers.

Question 32: In Cisco Certified Network Professional, why is advanced routing knowledge important for professional certification?

It is important only for entry-level positions
It demonstrates competence and ensures practitioners meet established standards (Correct answer)
It has no practical relevance to daily work
It is only required for administrative purposes

Correct answer: It demonstrates competence and ensures practitioners meet established standards

Professional certification in specific knowledge areas demonstrates that practitioners have met established competency standards, ensuring quality of service and public protection.

Question 33: In Cisco Certified Network Professional, why is quality of service knowledge important for professional certification?

It has no practical relevance to daily work
It demonstrates competence and ensures practitioners meet established standards (Correct answer)
It is important only for entry-level positions
It is only required for administrative purposes

Correct answer: It demonstrates competence and ensures practitioners meet established standards

Professional certification in specific knowledge areas demonstrates that practitioners have met established competency standards, ensuring quality of service and public protection.

Question 34: What is a Route Target (RT) used for in MPLS L3VPN?

To set the QoS DSCP value on VPN-labeled packets
To control which VRFs import and export routes between PE routers (Correct answer)
To assign MPLS labels to VPN prefixes in the LFIB
To define the BGP AS path for VPN routes

Correct answer: To control which VRFs import and export routes between PE routers

Route Targets are BGP extended communities attached to VPNv4 prefixes; a VRF exports RTs with sent prefixes and imports prefixes that carry matching RTs, controlling inter-VPN connectivity.

Question 35: Which approach is most effective for mastering virtualization in Cisco Certified Network Professional?

Combining theoretical study with practical application and regular review (Correct answer)
Memorizing textbook definitions without understanding
Studying only immediately before examinations
Relying solely on on-the-job experience

Correct answer: Combining theoretical study with practical application and regular review

The most effective approach combines theoretical understanding with practical application, reinforced by regular review and assessment, enabling deeper comprehension and long-term retention.

Question 36: What happens to traffic on a vPC member port if the vPC peer link goes down but the peer keepalive link remains up?

The secondary switch suspends its vPC member ports to avoid a split-brain scenario (Correct answer)
All vPC ports on both switches are suspended
The primary switch suspends its vPC member ports
Both switches continue forwarding traffic normally

Correct answer: The secondary switch suspends its vPC member ports to avoid a split-brain scenario

When the peer link fails but the keepalive is up, the secondary switch suspends its vPC member ports to prevent dual-active forwarding loops.

Question 37: What is the relationship between theory and practice in Cisco Certified Network Professional infrastructure services?

Theory and practice are completely unrelated
Practice is only important; theory is unnecessary
Theory provides the foundation and framework that guides effective practical application (Correct answer)
Theory replaces the need for any practical experience

Correct answer: Theory provides the foundation and framework that guides effective practical application

Theory and practice are complementary: theoretical knowledge provides the conceptual framework and understanding that guides effective, evidence-based practical application in professional settings.

Question 38: What is ISATAP (Intra-Site Automatic Tunnel Addressing Protocol) used for?

Translates IPv6 multicast addresses to IPv4 multicast addresses
Assigns global unicast IPv6 addresses to hosts in an IPv4-only network
Provides IPv6 connectivity between dual-stack nodes within an IPv4 site by using IPv4 addresses as the interface identifier (Correct answer)
Connects two separate IPv6 sites over an IPv4 WAN using manually configured tunnels

Correct answer: Provides IPv6 connectivity between dual-stack nodes within an IPv4 site by using IPv4 addresses as the interface identifier

ISATAP enables IPv6 communication within a site by embedding the IPv4 address into the interface ID (::0:5EFE:<IPv4>) to create an IPv6-over-IPv4 tunnel automatically.

Question 39: In Cisco Certified Network Professional, why is sd-wan knowledge important for professional certification?

It is important only for entry-level positions
It demonstrates competence and ensures practitioners meet established standards (Correct answer)
It has no practical relevance to daily work
It is only required for administrative purposes

Correct answer: It demonstrates competence and ensures practitioners meet established standards

Professional certification in specific knowledge areas demonstrates that practitioners have met established competency standards, ensuring quality of service and public protection.

Question 40: What is the key difference between PIM Dense Mode (PIM-DM) and PIM Sparse Mode (PIM-SM)?

PIM-SM uses an RP to flood traffic everywhere, while PIM-DM uses explicit join messages
PIM-SM is used inside an AS while PIM-DM is used between ASes
PIM-DM requires a Rendezvous Point while PIM-SM does not
PIM-DM floods and prunes multicast traffic assuming receivers everywhere, while PIM-SM only forwards toward explicit receivers (Correct answer)

Correct answer: PIM-DM floods and prunes multicast traffic assuming receivers everywhere, while PIM-SM only forwards toward explicit receivers

PIM-DM floods multicast traffic to all routers and then prunes branches without receivers, while PIM-SM uses explicit join messages and an RP, making it more scalable for WAN environments.

Question 41: What is the purpose of a Route Distinguisher (RD) in MPLS L3VPN?

It selects which VRF imports a prefix from BGP
It defines the MPLS label stack depth for VPN packets
It authenticates BGP sessions between PE routers
It makes overlapping customer IP prefixes unique in the BGP table (Correct answer)

Correct answer: It makes overlapping customer IP prefixes unique in the BGP table

An RD is prepended to customer prefixes to create a unique 96-bit VPNv4 address, allowing two customers with overlapping IP address spaces to coexist in the same MP-BGP table.

Question 42: Which approach is most effective for mastering advanced routing in Cisco Certified Network Professional?

Studying only immediately before examinations
Combining theoretical study with practical application and regular review (Correct answer)
Relying solely on on-the-job experience
Memorizing textbook definitions without understanding

Correct answer: Combining theoretical study with practical application and regular review

The most effective approach combines theoretical understanding with practical application, reinforced by regular review and assessment, enabling deeper comprehension and long-term retention.

Question 43: Which backup strategy in Cisco Certified Network Professional provides the most comprehensive data protection?

Regular incremental backups combined with periodic full backups (Correct answer)
Storing all data on a single device
Backing up data only once a year
Printing all records on paper only

Correct answer: Regular incremental backups combined with periodic full backups

A combination of regular incremental backups (capturing changes) and periodic full backups provides comprehensive data protection, balancing storage efficiency with recovery capability.

Question 44: Which approach is most effective for mastering sd-wan in Cisco Certified Network Professional?

Combining theoretical study with practical application and regular review (Correct answer)
Studying only immediately before examinations
Relying solely on on-the-job experience
Memorizing textbook definitions without understanding

Correct answer: Combining theoretical study with practical application and regular review

The most effective approach combines theoretical understanding with practical application, reinforced by regular review and assessment, enabling deeper comprehension and long-term retention.

Question 45: What is the relationship between theory and practice in Cisco Certified Network Professional troubleshooting methods?

Theory replaces the need for any practical experience
Theory and practice are completely unrelated
Theory provides the foundation and framework that guides effective practical application (Correct answer)
Practice is only important; theory is unnecessary

Correct answer: Theory provides the foundation and framework that guides effective practical application

Theory and practice are complementary: theoretical knowledge provides the conceptual framework and understanding that guides effective, evidence-based practical application in professional settings.

Question 46: In MPLS TE, which protocol is used to signal and establish label-switched paths (LSPs)?

OSPF-TE
LDP
RSVP-TE (Correct answer)
BGP with TE extensions

Correct answer: RSVP-TE

RSVP-TE (Resource Reservation Protocol - Traffic Engineering) is the signaling protocol used to establish MPLS-TE tunnels, reserving bandwidth and specifying explicit paths.

Question 47: What is the purpose of 6to4 tunneling in IPv6 transition?

Assigns IPv4-compatible IPv6 addresses to dual-stack hosts
Provides a stateful NAT translation between IPv6 and IPv4 addresses
Tunnels IPv4 traffic inside IPv6 packets for reverse compatibility
Encapsulates IPv6 packets inside IPv4 packets to traverse IPv4-only networks using the 2002::/16 prefix (Correct answer)

Correct answer: Encapsulates IPv6 packets inside IPv4 packets to traverse IPv4-only networks using the 2002::/16 prefix

6to4 automatically embeds the IPv4 address into a 2002::/16 IPv6 prefix, allowing isolated IPv6 sites to communicate over an IPv4 backbone without manual tunnel configuration.

Question 48: In Cisco Certified Network Professional, what role does continuing education play in sd-wan?

To replace initial certification requirements
To prevent professionals from advancing in their careers
To increase testing frequency for compliance purposes
To keep professionals current with evolving standards, technologies, and best practices (Correct answer)

Correct answer: To keep professionals current with evolving standards, technologies, and best practices

Continuing education ensures professionals stay current with new developments, evolving standards, and emerging best practices in their field, maintaining competence throughout their careers.

Question 49: What overlay encapsulation protocol does Cisco ACI use to carry tenant traffic across the fabric?

MPLS
VXLAN (Correct answer)
NVGRE
GRE

Correct answer: VXLAN

Cisco ACI uses VXLAN as the overlay encapsulation protocol to carry tenant traffic between leaf switches across the IP underlay.

Question 50: In Cisco Certified Network Professional, what is the primary benefit of implementing automated wireless networking?

Increasing manual processing requirements
Increased efficiency, accuracy, and consistency in operations (Correct answer)
Eliminating the need for skilled professionals
Reducing quality standards

Correct answer: Increased efficiency, accuracy, and consistency in operations

Automation improves operational efficiency by reducing human error, increasing processing speed, ensuring consistency, and freeing professionals to focus on tasks requiring human judgment.

Question 51: What is the primary objective of quality of service in Cisco Certified Network Professional?

To generate revenue for testing organizations
To limit access to the profession
To replace practical experience entirely
To ensure competence and proficiency in core quality of service concepts (Correct answer)

Correct answer: To ensure competence and proficiency in core quality of service concepts

The primary objective of quality of service knowledge is to ensure practitioners have the competence and proficiency needed to perform effectively and safely in their professional roles.

Question 52: In MPLS, what is a 'label stack' and when is it used?

A backup set of labels used when the primary LSP fails
A Cisco IOS data structure for storing LDP peer session states
Multiple MPLS labels stacked between the Layer 2 and Layer 3 headers, used in VPN and TE scenarios (Correct answer)
A hardware TCAM structure storing label-to-interface mappings

Correct answer: Multiple MPLS labels stacked between the Layer 2 and Layer 3 headers, used in VPN and TE scenarios

A label stack consists of two or more MPLS labels inserted between Layer 2 and IP headers; in L3VPN, the outer label is the transport label (to the egress PE) and the inner label is the VPN label identifying the VRF.

Question 53: What is the maximum number of vPC member ports (vPC IDs) supported in a single vPC domain on Nexus 7000?

256 (Correct answer)
1024
64
512

Correct answer: 256

A single vPC domain on Nexus 7000 supports up to 256 vPC IDs, each representing an individual port channel to a downstream device.

Question 54: What is a best practice in Cisco Certified Network Professional quality of service?

A method or technique recognized as superior based on evidence and expert consensus (Correct answer)
Any practice that is easy to implement
The cheapest available approach
A practice used only by large organizations

Correct answer: A method or technique recognized as superior based on evidence and expert consensus

Best practices are methods, techniques, or approaches that are recognized through evidence, research, and expert consensus as producing superior results and are recommended for adoption.

Question 55: What is the purpose of access controls in Cisco Certified Network Professional network automation?

To reduce the number of system users
To ensure only authorized users can view or modify sensitive data and systems (Correct answer)
To make systems slower and less convenient
To track employee lunch breaks

Correct answer: To ensure only authorized users can view or modify sensitive data and systems

Access controls restrict system and data access to authorized personnel, protecting sensitive information from unauthorized viewing, modification, or deletion.

Question 56: What is the relationship between theory and practice in Cisco Certified Network Professional advanced routing?

Practice is only important; theory is unnecessary
Theory replaces the need for any practical experience
Theory and practice are completely unrelated
Theory provides the foundation and framework that guides effective practical application (Correct answer)

Correct answer: Theory provides the foundation and framework that guides effective practical application

Theory and practice are complementary: theoretical knowledge provides the conceptual framework and understanding that guides effective, evidence-based practical application in professional settings.

Question 57: Why is interdisciplinary collaboration important in CCNP advanced concepts?

It brings diverse perspectives that enhance problem-solving and outcomes (Correct answer)
It is only relevant for research activities
Each discipline should work in complete isolation
Collaboration slows down decision-making without benefits

Correct answer: It brings diverse perspectives that enhance problem-solving and outcomes

Interdisciplinary collaboration combines diverse expertise and perspectives, leading to more comprehensive analysis, creative solutions, and improved outcomes.

Question 58: Which protocol do hosts use to signal their membership in a multicast group to a local router?

DVMRP (Distance Vector Multicast Routing Protocol)
PIM (Protocol Independent Multicast)
IGMP (Internet Group Management Protocol) (Correct answer)
MOSPF (Multicast OSPF)

Correct answer: IGMP (Internet Group Management Protocol)

IGMP is used between hosts and their directly connected multicast routers to report group membership and receive multicast traffic.

Question 59: What is the role of CSPF (Constrained Shortest Path First) in MPLS Traffic Engineering?

It computes an explicit path for a TE tunnel that satisfies bandwidth and constraint requirements (Correct answer)
It replaces IS-IS/OSPF as the IGP for TE-enabled networks
It balances traffic across equal-cost multipaths in the LFIB
It redistributes TE tunnel metrics into the BGP table

Correct answer: It computes an explicit path for a TE tunnel that satisfies bandwidth and constraint requirements

CSPF uses the Traffic Engineering Database (TED) populated by IGP extensions to compute a constrained path for TE tunnels that meets bandwidth, affinity, and other user-defined constraints.

Question 60: Where does a collision domain exist in a switched network?

Across all VLANs
On a single switch port (Correct answer)
On a single VLAN
Across all switch ports

Correct answer: On a single switch port

Explanation: A collision domain exists on a single switch port in a switched network. In a switched network, each switch port operates as an individual collision domain. This means that when data is transmitted on a switch port, it does not collide with data transmitted on other switch ports. Switches use MAC address tables to forward data only to the intended destination port, effectively isolating each port and creating separate collision domains. This allows for efficient and simultaneous communication between devices connected to different switch ports.

Question 61: In Cisco Certified Network Professional, what role does continuing education play in quality of service?

To replace initial certification requirements
To increase testing frequency for compliance purposes
To keep professionals current with evolving standards, technologies, and best practices (Correct answer)
To prevent professionals from advancing in their careers

Correct answer: To keep professionals current with evolving standards, technologies, and best practices

Continuing education ensures professionals stay current with new developments, evolving standards, and emerging best practices in their field, maintaining competence throughout their careers.

Question 62: What is a best practice in Cisco Certified Network Professional advanced routing?

The cheapest available approach
A method or technique recognized as superior based on evidence and expert consensus (Correct answer)
A practice used only by large organizations
Any practice that is easy to implement

Correct answer: A method or technique recognized as superior based on evidence and expert consensus

Best practices are methods, techniques, or approaches that are recognized through evidence, research, and expert consensus as producing superior results and are recommended for adoption.

Question 63: How many layers are recommended in the hierarchical campus network design model?

4
3 (Correct answer)
2
1
7

Correct answer: 3

Explanation: The hierarchical campus network design model recommends having three layers. This design consists of the core layer, distribution layer, and access layer. The core layer is responsible for high-speed switching and routing, connecting different buildings or campuses. The distribution layer provides connectivity between the core and access layers, handling traffic filtering and policy enforcement. The access layer connects end devices, such as computers and printers, to the network. Having three layers in the hierarchical model helps to improve network performance, scalability, and manageability.

Question 64: What is the role of the APIC (Application Policy Infrastructure Controller) in Cisco ACI?

A firewall service node inserted into the data path
Centralized policy management and orchestration controller for the ACI fabric (Correct answer)
A hardware load balancer integrated into the fabric
The spine switch that routes traffic between leaf nodes

Correct answer: Centralized policy management and orchestration controller for the ACI fabric

The APIC is the centralized automation, policy, and management controller for Cisco ACI, though it is not in the data forwarding path.

Question 65: What is the relationship between theory and practice in Cisco Certified Network Professional quality of service?

Practice is only important; theory is unnecessary
Theory replaces the need for any practical experience
Theory and practice are completely unrelated
Theory provides the foundation and framework that guides effective practical application (Correct answer)

Correct answer: Theory provides the foundation and framework that guides effective practical application

Theory and practice are complementary: theoretical knowledge provides the conceptual framework and understanding that guides effective, evidence-based practical application in professional settings.

Question 66: Which IPv6 address prefix is used for link-local addresses?

2001::/32
FE80::/10 (Correct answer)
FF00::/8
FC00::/7

Correct answer: FE80::/10

IPv6 link-local addresses always start with FE80::/10 and are automatically assigned to every IPv6-enabled interface for local segment communication.

Question 67: In Cisco Certified Network Professional, what role does continuing education play in troubleshooting methods?

To prevent professionals from advancing in their careers
To keep professionals current with evolving standards, technologies, and best practices (Correct answer)
To increase testing frequency for compliance purposes
To replace initial certification requirements

Correct answer: To keep professionals current with evolving standards, technologies, and best practices

Continuing education ensures professionals stay current with new developments, evolving standards, and emerging best practices in their field, maintaining competence throughout their careers.

Question 68: Which EUI-64 process is used to auto-generate an IPv6 interface identifier from a MAC address?

Use DHCP to assign the interface identifier
Insert FF:FE in the middle of the MAC address and flip the 7th bit (Correct answer)
Hash the MAC address using SHA-1 to create a 64-bit ID
Append the MAC address to the network prefix without modification

Correct answer: Insert FF:FE in the middle of the MAC address and flip the 7th bit

EUI-64 splits the 48-bit MAC address in half, inserts FF:FE in the middle to create 64 bits, and flips the Universal/Local (U/L) bit.

Question 69: What is the primary objective of sd-wan in Cisco Certified Network Professional?

To generate revenue for testing organizations
To replace practical experience entirely
To ensure competence and proficiency in core sd-wan concepts (Correct answer)
To limit access to the profession

Correct answer: To ensure competence and proficiency in core sd-wan concepts

The primary objective of sd-wan knowledge is to ensure practitioners have the competence and proficiency needed to perform effectively and safely in their professional roles.

Question 70: What is the purpose of access controls in Cisco Certified Network Professional network security?

To track employee lunch breaks
To make systems slower and less convenient
To ensure only authorized users can view or modify sensitive data and systems (Correct answer)
To reduce the number of system users

Correct answer: To ensure only authorized users can view or modify sensitive data and systems

Access controls restrict system and data access to authorized personnel, protecting sensitive information from unauthorized viewing, modification, or deletion.

Question 71: What is the function of the TTL field in an MPLS label and how does 'no mpls ip propagate-ttl' affect traceroute behavior?

The MPLS TTL signals PHP; disabling propagation forces explicit null on all interfaces
The MPLS TTL prevents routing loops; disabling propagation hides LSP hops from traceroute output (Correct answer)
The MPLS TTL enables QoS prioritization; disabling propagation forces uniform hop counts
The MPLS TTL carries DSCP values; disabling propagation strips QoS markings at the PE

Correct answer: The MPLS TTL prevents routing loops; disabling propagation hides LSP hops from traceroute output

The TTL in the MPLS shim header decrements at each LSR like IP TTL to prevent loops; 'no mpls ip propagate-ttl' prevents copying the IP TTL into the MPLS TTL, making internal LSRs invisible to traceroute (pipe mode).

Question 72: What is the primary consideration when implementing new technology in Cisco Certified Network Professional?

Implementing without user input or testing
Selecting the most expensive option available
Ensuring compatibility with existing systems and meeting user requirements (Correct answer)
Choosing based on brand popularity alone

Correct answer: Ensuring compatibility with existing systems and meeting user requirements

Successful technology implementation requires ensuring compatibility with existing infrastructure, meeting actual user needs, providing adequate training, and following a structured deployment plan.

Question 73: In Cisco Certified Network Professional, what is the primary benefit of implementing automated network security?

Eliminating the need for skilled professionals
Reducing quality standards
Increasing manual processing requirements
Increased efficiency, accuracy, and consistency in operations (Correct answer)

Correct answer: Increased efficiency, accuracy, and consistency in operations

Automation improves operational efficiency by reducing human error, increasing processing speed, ensuring consistency, and freeing professionals to focus on tasks requiring human judgment.

Question 74: Which skill is most critical for success in CCNP advanced concepts?

Avoiding collaboration with other professionals
Relying on intuition without supporting evidence
Speed of task completion without quality checks
Analytical thinking and evidence-based decision making (Correct answer)

Correct answer: Analytical thinking and evidence-based decision making

Analytical thinking and evidence-based decision making are essential for evaluating situations and making informed professional decisions.

Question 75: In Cisco Certified Network Professional, why is virtualization knowledge important for professional certification?

It is only required for administrative purposes
It is important only for entry-level positions
It demonstrates competence and ensures practitioners meet established standards (Correct answer)
It has no practical relevance to daily work

Correct answer: It demonstrates competence and ensures practitioners meet established standards

Professional certification in specific knowledge areas demonstrates that practitioners have met established competency standards, ensuring quality of service and public protection.

Question 76: What is the primary objective of infrastructure services in Cisco Certified Network Professional?

To ensure competence and proficiency in core infrastructure services concepts (Correct answer)
To generate revenue for testing organizations
To replace practical experience entirely
To limit access to the profession

Correct answer: To ensure competence and proficiency in core infrastructure services concepts

The primary objective of infrastructure services knowledge is to ensure practitioners have the competence and proficiency needed to perform effectively and safely in their professional roles.

Question 77: Which Nexus feature provides hitless software upgrades by separating the control and forwarding planes?

In-Service Software Upgrade (ISSU) (Correct answer)
Non-Stop Forwarding (NSF)
Graceful Restart (GR)
Stateful Switchover (SSO)

Correct answer: In-Service Software Upgrade (ISSU)

ISSU on Cisco Nexus allows the NX-OS software to be upgraded without dropping traffic by upgrading modules sequentially while maintaining forwarding.

Question 78: In Cisco Certified Network Professional, what is the purpose of an audit trail in information systems?

To track employee personal social media usage
To reduce storage requirements
To maintain a chronological record of system activities and changes (Correct answer)
To increase system processing speed

Correct answer: To maintain a chronological record of system activities and changes

An audit trail creates a chronological record of all system activities, including who accessed the system, what changes were made, and when, supporting accountability and compliance.

Question 79: In Cisco Certified Network Professional, what is the purpose of an audit trail in information systems?

To track employee personal social media usage
To increase system processing speed
To maintain a chronological record of system activities and changes (Correct answer)
To reduce storage requirements

Correct answer: To maintain a chronological record of system activities and changes

An audit trail creates a chronological record of all system activities, including who accessed the system, what changes were made, and when, supporting accountability and compliance.

Question 80: What IPv6 protocol replaces ARP for address resolution?

Stateless Address Autoconfiguration (SLAAC)
ICMPv6 Router Advertisement
Neighbor Discovery Protocol (NDP) (Correct answer)
DHCPv6

Correct answer: Neighbor Discovery Protocol (NDP)

NDP uses ICMPv6 Neighbor Solicitation and Neighbor Advertisement messages to resolve IPv6 addresses to MAC addresses, replacing ARP.

Question 81: What is a best practice in Cisco Certified Network Professional troubleshooting methods?

A practice used only by large organizations
A method or technique recognized as superior based on evidence and expert consensus (Correct answer)
The cheapest available approach
Any practice that is easy to implement

Correct answer: A method or technique recognized as superior based on evidence and expert consensus

Best practices are methods, techniques, or approaches that are recognized through evidence, research, and expert consensus as producing superior results and are recommended for adoption.

Question 82: What is the primary objective of troubleshooting methods in Cisco Certified Network Professional?

To replace practical experience entirely
To ensure competence and proficiency in core troubleshooting methods concepts (Correct answer)
To generate revenue for testing organizations
To limit access to the profession

Correct answer: To ensure competence and proficiency in core troubleshooting methods concepts

The primary objective of troubleshooting methods knowledge is to ensure practitioners have the competence and proficiency needed to perform effectively and safely in their professional roles.

Question 83: What is the relationship between theory and practice in Cisco Certified Network Professional sd-wan?

Theory provides the foundation and framework that guides effective practical application (Correct answer)
Practice is only important; theory is unnecessary
Theory and practice are completely unrelated
Theory replaces the need for any practical experience

Correct answer: Theory provides the foundation and framework that guides effective practical application

Theory and practice are complementary: theoretical knowledge provides the conceptual framework and understanding that guides effective, evidence-based practical application in professional settings.

Question 84: In Cisco ACI, what is an Endpoint Group (EPG)?

A VLAN segment spanning multiple leaf switches
A routing table entry in the spine layer
A logical grouping of endpoints that share the same policy and security requirements (Correct answer)
A physical server connected to the ACI fabric

Correct answer: A logical grouping of endpoints that share the same policy and security requirements

An EPG is a logical grouping of endpoints (VMs, servers, etc.) that share the same policy, and communication between EPGs is controlled by contracts.

Question 85: Which ICMPv6 message type is sent by a host to discover routers on the local link?

Neighbor Solicitation (Type 135)
Router Advertisement (Type 134)
Router Solicitation (Type 133) (Correct answer)
Redirect (Type 137)

Correct answer: Router Solicitation (Type 133)

A Router Solicitation (ICMPv6 Type 133) is sent by a host to the all-routers multicast address FF02::2 to discover available routers immediately.

Question 86: In Cisco Certified Network Professional, why is troubleshooting methods knowledge important for professional certification?

It is only required for administrative purposes
It demonstrates competence and ensures practitioners meet established standards (Correct answer)
It is important only for entry-level positions
It has no practical relevance to daily work

Correct answer: It demonstrates competence and ensures practitioners meet established standards

Professional certification in specific knowledge areas demonstrates that practitioners have met established competency standards, ensuring quality of service and public protection.

Question 87: When a PC is connected to a Layer 2 switch port, how far does the collision domain spread?

All ports on the switch.All ports on the switch.
No collision domain exists.
One VLAN.
One switch port. (Correct answer)

Correct answer: One switch port.

Explanation: When a PC is connected to a Layer 2 switch port, the collision domain is limited to that specific switch port. This means that collisions can only occur between devices connected to that particular port. The switch itself helps to eliminate collisions by creating separate collision domains for each port, allowing for simultaneous communication between devices connected to different ports without interference. Therefore, in this scenario, the collision domain does not extend beyond the switch port to any other ports or VLANs.

Question 88: In MPLS LDP, what is the default label distribution mode on Cisco routers?

Independent control with downstream unsolicited (Correct answer)
Ordered control with downstream on demand
Ordered control with upstream on demand
Independent control with downstream on demand

Correct answer: Independent control with downstream unsolicited

Cisco IOS uses independent control mode with downstream unsolicited distribution by default, meaning each LSR independently assigns and advertises labels without waiting for downstream peers.

Question 89: What is the total length of an IPv6 address?

32 bits
64 bits
128 bits (Correct answer)
256 bits

Correct answer: 128 bits

IPv6 addresses are 128 bits long, written as eight groups of four hexadecimal digits separated by colons.

Question 90: What is the purpose of a Bridge Domain (BD) in Cisco ACI?

Provides out-of-band management for APIC
Connects two VRFs within the same tenant
Defines the Layer 2 flooding and Layer 3 gateway boundary for a set of endpoints (Correct answer)
Controls physical port membership on leaf switches

Correct answer: Defines the Layer 2 flooding and Layer 3 gateway boundary for a set of endpoints

A Bridge Domain in ACI defines the flooding and Layer 3 gateway scope, replacing traditional VLANs, and can have one or more associated subnets.

Question 91: In a properly designed hierarchical network, a broadcast from one PC is confined to what?

One access-layer switch
One switch block (Correct answer)
One access-layer switch port
The entire campus network

Correct answer: One switch block

Explanation: In a properly designed hierarchical network, a broadcast from one PC is confined to one switch block. This means that the broadcast traffic is limited to the specific area or segment of the network where the PC and the corresponding switch block are located. It does not propagate to the entire campus network, which helps to minimize network congestion and improve overall network performance.

Question 92: Which Cisco Nexus feature allows two switches to present a single management IP and be managed as one logical device?

vPC domain
StackWise Virtual
vPC+ with FabricPath (Correct answer)
VSS (Virtual Switching System)

Correct answer: vPC+ with FabricPath

vPC+ combined with FabricPath allows two Nexus 7000 switches to appear as a single logical switch with one management plane in a FabricPath domain.

Cisco CCNP Certification Exam

The Cisco CCNP Certification Exam validates advanced networking skills in routing, switching, security, SD-WAN, wireless, network automation, virtualization, QoS, data center technologies, multicast, IPv6, and troubleshooting for enterprise network professionals.

Questions

90 min

Time Limit

70%

To Pass

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