CCAT Manual Therapy Techniques 2 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: Which grade of joint mobilization according to the Maitland scale involves small-amplitude oscillations at the end of the available range?
- Grade I
- Grade II
- Grade III
- Grade IV (Correct answer)
Correct answer: Grade IV
Grade IV mobilizations are small-amplitude oscillations performed at the end of the available range, targeting resistance and stiffness.
Question 2: What is the primary goal of myofascial release in companion animal rehabilitation?
- Increase muscle mass
- Release fascial restrictions to restore mobility and reduce pain (Correct answer)
- Stimulate nerve regeneration
- Promote bone remodeling
Correct answer: Release fascial restrictions to restore mobility and reduce pain
Myofascial release aims to release restrictions in the fascia to restore normal movement patterns and alleviate pain.
Question 3: When performing passive range of motion (PROM) on a dog recovering from orthopedic surgery, the therapist should stop if:
- The joint reaches its normal anatomical limit
- The animal vocalizes or shows signs of pain (Correct answer)
- The movement feels smooth and fluid
- The limb temperature feels normal
Correct answer: The animal vocalizes or shows signs of pain
Any sign of pain or distress during PROM indicates the therapist has reached or exceeded the comfortable range and should stop immediately.
Question 4: Effleurage in massage therapy is best described as:
- Deep circular friction applied to a specific point
- Light-to-moderate gliding strokes applied in the direction of venous return (Correct answer)
- Rapid percussive tapping movements
- Cross-fiber strokes applied perpendicular to muscle fibers
Correct answer: Light-to-moderate gliding strokes applied in the direction of venous return
Effleurage consists of long, gliding strokes directed toward the heart to promote circulation and warm up the tissue.
Question 5: Which anatomical region is MOST commonly targeted with spinal manipulation techniques in companion animal therapy?
- Carpus
- Tarsus
- Thoracolumbar junction (Correct answer)
- Distal phalanges
Correct answer: Thoracolumbar junction
The thoracolumbar junction is a common site for joint dysfunction and is frequently addressed with spinal manipulation in dogs and cats.
Question 6: The 'end-feel' of a joint refers to:
- The animal's behavioral response at the end of treatment
- The quality of resistance sensed by the therapist at the end of passive range of motion (Correct answer)
- The temperature change detected at joint end range
- The visual appearance of the joint at maximum flexion
Correct answer: The quality of resistance sensed by the therapist at the end of passive range of motion
End-feel is the quality of resistance the therapist perceives when a joint reaches the end of its passive range, helping classify normal versus pathological restrictions.
Question 7: Petrissage massage technique involves:
- Superficial gliding strokes over large muscle groups
- Kneading, wringing, and lifting of muscle tissue (Correct answer)
- Rapid vibration applied with fingertips
- Sustained pressure on trigger points
Correct answer: Kneading, wringing, and lifting of muscle tissue
Petrissage encompasses kneading, wringing, and lifting techniques that work deeper into muscle tissue to improve circulation and reduce tension.
CCAT Manual Therapy Techniques 2
Which grade of joint mobilization according to the Maitland scale involves small-amplitude oscillations at the end of the available range?