Lactation Physiology & Nutrition Flashcards

What hormone is primarily responsible for milk production in breastfeeding?

Answer: Prolactin

Prolactin is the primary hormone responsible for stimulating the mammary glands to produce breast milk. It is released from the anterior pituitary gland in response to nipple stimulation during suckling. Consistent removal of milk from the breast signals the body to continue producing prolactin, thereby maintaining milk supply.

Which nutrient is crucial for brain development in breastfed infants?

Answer: DHA

Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) is an omega-3 fatty acid that is crucial for the development of the infant's brain and eyes. Breast milk naturally contains DHA, which is essential for optimal neurological and visual function. Infants receive DHA directly from their mother's milk, supporting their rapid brain growth during the first year of life.

What triggers the let-down reflex in breastfeeding?

Answer: Oxytocin

Oxytocin is the hormone responsible for the milk ejection reflex, commonly known as the let-down reflex. When a baby suckles, oxytocin is released, causing the tiny muscles around the milk-producing cells in the breast to contract and push milk down the ducts. This reflex makes milk available to the baby and is crucial for efficient feeding.

Which vitamin is recommended for supplementation in exclusively breastfed infants?

Answer: Vitamin D

Exclusively breastfed infants are recommended to receive a vitamin D supplement because breast milk typically does not contain sufficient amounts to meet their needs. Vitamin D is essential for bone health, calcium absorption, and immune function. Supplementation helps prevent vitamin D deficiency and conditions like rickets.

What is colostrum, and why is it important?

Answer: The first milk rich in antibodies

Colostrum is the thick, yellowish 'first milk' produced by the mother in the initial days after birth. It is incredibly rich in antibodies, immunoglobulins, and white blood cells, providing crucial immune protection to the newborn. Colostrum also acts as a natural laxative, helping the baby pass meconium and preventing jaundice.

Why is skin-to-skin contact beneficial immediately after birth?

Answer: It promotes bonding and early breastfeeding

Skin-to-skin contact immediately after birth, often called 'kangaroo care,' is vital for both mother and baby. It helps regulate the infant's temperature, heart rate, and breathing, while also promoting early initiation of breastfeeding by stimulating the baby's natural feeding instincts. This close contact also fosters a strong emotional bond between mother and child.