Ultimate CBIC Flashcards

The ideal time to obtain a sample of sputum for testing acid-fast bacillus is:

Answer: early morning

The ideal time to collect a sputum sample for acid-fast bacillus (AFB) testing is in the early morning. During sleep, respiratory secretions accumulate in the lungs, leading to a higher concentration of mycobacteria in the first morning sputum. This increased concentration enhances the diagnostic yield and accuracy of the test for detecting tuberculosis or other mycobacterial infections.

How long is a patient contagious after being exposed to the West Nile virus?

Answer: 6-7 days before symptoms occur

West Nile virus is primarily transmitted to humans through mosquito bites, and humans are considered 'dead-end hosts,' meaning they generally do not transmit the virus to other humans or effectively to mosquitoes. While the virus is present in the blood (viremia) for a period, typically before and around symptom onset, humans are not considered contagious in the traditional sense of person-to-person spread. The answer refers to the period of viremia that can precede symptoms.

Which teaching method (Grasha) places more emphasis on content than on relationships with students?

Answer: Formal authority

In Grasha's teaching styles, the 'Formal Authority' method is characterized by the teacher's role as the expert and primary source of knowledge. This style prioritizes the delivery of content and maintaining control over the learning process, with less emphasis placed on developing personal relationships or fostering student-led interactions. The focus is on the teacher's authority and the subject matter.

Which of the following is an example of passive case finding in a suspected outbreak?

Answer: Examine county surveillance data

Passive case finding involves relying on existing surveillance systems and healthcare providers to report cases as they are identified through routine processes. Examining county surveillance data is a prime example of this, as it involves reviewing already collected and reported information. This contrasts with active case finding, which involves actively searching for cases through direct outreach or screening.

Which of the following tests for Clostridium difficile diagnosis has the BEST sensitivity and specificity?

Answer: Nucleic acid amplification, including PCR

Nucleic acid amplification tests (NAATs), including PCR, are considered the most sensitive and specific methods for diagnosing *Clostridioides difficile* infection (CDI). These tests directly detect the toxin genes of *C. difficile* with high accuracy, providing reliable results. They are superior to toxin enzyme immunoassays (EIAs), which can have lower sensitivity, and glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) tests, which are sensitive but less specific.

The best way for a small, independent organization to save money when buying medical supplies and equipment is to:

Answer: join group purchasing organization (GPO)

For small, independent organizations, joining a Group Purchasing Organization (GPO) is the most effective strategy to achieve significant cost savings on medical supplies and equipment. GPOs leverage the collective purchasing power of many healthcare providers to negotiate substantial discounts with vendors. This allows smaller entities to access prices typically reserved for larger institutions, which they could not achieve individually.

Ambulatory care facilities must have:

Answer: one person available and trained in infection prevention

Ambulatory care facilities are required to have at least one individual who is specifically trained and available to oversee infection prevention and control activities. This ensures that essential infection control practices are implemented, monitored, and maintained within the facility. While not necessarily a full-time equivalent dedicated solely to IP, this designated person is crucial for patient safety.