CBET Anatomy and Physiology Basics 4

Question 1

Which layer of the skin contains melanocytes responsible for skin pigmentation?

Accepted Answer

Stratum basale

Answer

Melanocytes are located in the stratum basale (deepest layer of the epidermis) and produce melanin pigment.

Question 2

A biomedical technician is calibrating a pulse oximeter. Which physiological principle does this device rely on?

Accepted Answer

Differential light absorption of oxygenated vs. deoxygenated hemoglobin

Answer

Pulse oximeters use the fact that oxyhemoglobin and deoxyhemoglobin absorb red and infrared light at different ratios to calculate SpO2.

Question 3

The Frank-Starling law of the heart states that cardiac output increases when:

Accepted Answer

Ventricular filling volume (preload) increases

Answer

The Frank-Starling mechanism describes how increased end-diastolic volume stretches myocardial fibers, resulting in a stronger contraction and greater stroke volume.

Question 4

Which cranial nerve is primarily responsible for carrying parasympathetic fibers to the heart and abdominal organs?

Accepted Answer

Vagus nerve (CN X)

Answer

The vagus nerve (CN X) provides the major parasympathetic innervation to the heart, lungs, and most abdominal organs.

Question 5

In the context of EEG monitoring, which brain wave frequency is associated with deep, dreamless sleep?

Accepted Answer

Delta waves (0.5–4 Hz)

Answer

Delta waves have the lowest frequency and highest amplitude and predominate during deep (stage 3–4) non-REM sleep.

CBET - Certified Biomedical Equipment Technician Practice Test

CBET - Certified Biomedical Equipment Technician Practice Test

CBET Anatomy and Physiology Basics 4