CBET Anatomy and Physiology Basics 4

Question 1

Which layer of the skin contains melanocytes responsible for skin pigmentation?

Accepted Answer

Stratum basale

Answer

Stratum corneum

Answer

Stratum granulosum

Answer

Stratum spinosum

Question 2

A biomedical technician is calibrating a pulse oximeter. Which physiological principle does this device rely on?

Accepted Answer

Differential light absorption of oxygenated vs. deoxygenated hemoglobin

Answer

Electrical conductance of blood plasma

Answer

Ultrasonic reflection from red blood cells

Answer

Thermal dissipation of capillary blood flow

Question 3

The Frank-Starling law of the heart states that cardiac output increases when:

Accepted Answer

Ventricular filling volume (preload) increases

Answer

Heart rate decreases below 60 bpm

Answer

Afterload exceeds systemic vascular resistance

Answer

Sympathetic tone is withdrawn

Question 4

Which cranial nerve is primarily responsible for carrying parasympathetic fibers to the heart and abdominal organs?

Accepted Answer

Vagus nerve (CN X)

Answer

Trigeminal nerve (CN V)

Answer

Glossopharyngeal nerve (CN IX)

Answer

Hypoglossal nerve (CN XII)

Question 5

In the context of EEG monitoring, which brain wave frequency is associated with deep, dreamless sleep?

Accepted Answer

Delta waves (0.5–4 Hz)

Answer

Alpha waves (8–13 Hz)

Answer

Beta waves (13–30 Hz)

Answer

Theta waves (4–8 Hz)

Question 6

The glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is clinically important because it measures:

Accepted Answer

How effectively the kidneys filter blood plasma per unit time

Answer

The rate at which the bladder empties urine

Answer

The concentration of creatinine excreted in urine

Answer

The reabsorption capacity of the proximal tubule

Question 7

Which type of muscle tissue is characterized by involuntary control, striated appearance, and intercalated discs?

Accepted Answer

Cardiac muscle

Answer

Skeletal muscle

Answer

Smooth muscle

Answer

Multiunit smooth muscle