Medical Equipment Function Flashcards

What principle does an ultrasound imaging system use to create images of internal body structures?

Answer: Piezoelectric transducer emitting and receiving high-frequency sound waves

Ultrasound uses piezoelectric transducers to emit high-frequency sound waves and detect reflected echoes to create real-time images.

In a mechanical ventilator, what is the function of the PEEP (Positive End-Expiratory Pressure) valve?

Answer: To maintain positive pressure in the airways at the end of exhalation, preventing alveolar collapse

The PEEP valve maintains positive pressure at end-exhalation, preventing alveoli from collapsing and improving oxygenation.

What type of pump mechanism do most volumetric IV infusion pumps use to deliver fluids?

Answer: Peristaltic pump mechanism that sequentially compresses IV tubing

Most volumetric IV infusion pumps use a peristaltic mechanism that sequentially compresses the tubing to push fluid forward.

How does a pulse oximeter differentiate between oxygenated and deoxygenated hemoglobin?

Answer: By comparing absorption of red (660nm) and infrared (940nm) light wavelengths through tissue

Pulse oximeters use two wavelengths because oxyhemoglobin and deoxyhemoglobin absorb them differently.

What is the primary function of a defibrillator's capacitor?

Answer: To store electrical energy that is rapidly discharged through the patient's chest to restore normal heart rhythm

The defibrillator's main capacitor stores electrical energy that is rapidly discharged to depolarize the heart.

What safety feature prevents a patient from receiving an uncontrolled free flow of IV fluid if the tubing is removed from an infusion pump?

Answer: Anti-free-flow clamp mechanism built into the pump door or tubing set

The anti-free-flow mechanism automatically occludes the tubing when removed from the pump, preventing uncontrolled fluid delivery.