CAPM Quality Management 4 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: A cause-and-effect diagram is also commonly known as which of the following?
- Pareto chart
- Fishbone or Ishikawa diagram (Correct answer)
- Run chart
- Control chart
Correct answer: Fishbone or Ishikawa diagram
A cause-and-effect diagram is called a fishbone diagram (due to its shape) or Ishikawa diagram (after its creator, Kaoru Ishikawa).
Question 2: Which statistical concept refers to how tightly clustered data points are around the mean in a process?
- Accuracy
- Precision (Correct answer)
- Bias
- Specification
Correct answer: Precision
Precision refers to the consistency or repeatability of measurements — how closely grouped the results are, regardless of whether they are close to the true value.
Question 3: A project manager conducting a quality audit finds that the team is following the correct procedures. Which term describes this outcome?
- Quality control
- Quality conformance (Correct answer)
- Validated change
- Fitness for use
Correct answer: Quality conformance
Quality conformance means that project processes and deliverables meet the defined quality standards and procedures.
Question 4: The 'Manage Quality' process can result in which of the following outputs?
- Verified deliverables
- Work performance data
- Quality reports and test and evaluation documents (Correct answer)
- Project scope statement
Correct answer: Quality reports and test and evaluation documents
Manage Quality produces quality reports, test and evaluation documents, and change requests as key outputs.
Question 5: Which quality management approach emphasizes continuous improvement through iterative Plan-Do-Check-Act cycles?
- Six Sigma
- Total Quality Management (TQM)
- The Deming Cycle (PDCA) (Correct answer)
- ISO 9000
Correct answer: The Deming Cycle (PDCA)
The PDCA cycle (Plan-Do-Check-Act), also called the Deming Cycle or Shewhart Cycle, is the iterative framework for continuous process improvement.
Question 6: A project team randomly selects 50 finished products from a batch of 5,000 to test for defects. This quality technique is called:
- 100% inspection
- Statistical sampling (Correct answer)
- Benchmarking
- Root cause analysis
Correct answer: Statistical sampling
Statistical sampling involves testing a representative subset of the population to draw conclusions about the entire batch, reducing inspection cost and time.
Question 7: Which of the following quality concepts focuses on designing processes and products so that defects are prevented rather than detected later?
- Inspection
- Prevention over inspection (Correct answer)
- Appraisal
- Corrective action
Correct answer: Prevention over inspection
Prevention over inspection is a core quality principle stating it is more cost-effective to build quality in from the start than to inspect for defects after the fact.
CAPM Quality Management 4
A cause-and-effect diagram is also commonly known as which of the following?