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Perianesthesia Complications & Emergency Response Flashcards

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  1. What is the earliest and most sensitive sign of malignant hyperthermia (MH) in the perioperative setting?

    Answer: Unexplained rise in end-tidal CO2

    An unexplained rise in end-tidal CO2 is the earliest and most sensitive indicator of MH, reflecting the hypermetabolic crisis before temperature elevation occurs.

  2. What is the primary pharmacological treatment for malignant hyperthermia?

    Answer: Dantrolene sodium IV

    Dantrolene sodium is the specific antidote for MH, inhibiting calcium release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum to halt the hypermetabolic cascade.

  3. Which of the following is a known triggering agent for malignant hyperthermia in susceptible individuals?

    Answer: Succinylcholine

    Succinylcholine, along with volatile halogenated anesthetic agents, is a known triggering agent for MH in genetically susceptible individuals.

  4. What is the recommended initial IV dose of dantrolene when treating a confirmed malignant hyperthermia crisis?

    Answer: 2.5 mg/kg IV

    The initial dose is 2.5 mg/kg IV, repeated every 5 minutes as needed to a maximum of 10 mg/kg until symptoms resolve.

  5. A PACU patient develops complete laryngospasm after extubation. What is the FIRST-LINE nursing intervention?

    Answer: Apply firm positive pressure with jaw thrust and 100% oxygen

    Sustained positive pressure with jaw thrust is the first-line intervention to mechanically break laryngospasm while providing 100% oxygen.

  6. A patient in the PACU develops acute bronchospasm. What is the FIRST nursing action?

    Answer: Apply supplemental oxygen and notify the anesthesia provider

    The initial priority is to support oxygenation and promptly notify the anesthesia provider, who will order bronchodilator therapy and further management.

  7. Post-extubation stridor heard in the PACU most commonly indicates which underlying problem?

    Answer: Subglottic edema or partial laryngospasm

    Stridor is a high-pitched inspiratory sound indicating upper airway obstruction, most commonly from subglottic edema or incomplete laryngospasm after extubation.

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  1. cpancapa.org — Fees, registration, test dates, retake fee, exam information · verified Nov 2026
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