CALT Syntax and Sentence Structure 4

Question 1

Which sentence demonstrates a garden-path sentence that causes parsing difficulty?

Accepted Answer

The horse raced past the barn fell.

Answer

The dog bit the man.

Answer

She read the book quickly.

Answer

He ran to the store.

Question 2

What syntactic operation moves a wh-word to the front of a question in English?

Accepted Answer

Wh-movement

Answer

Passivization

Answer

Topicalization

Answer

Clefting

Question 3

In the sentence 'It was the teacher who called,' what structure is being used?

Accepted Answer

It-cleft construction

Answer

Passive voice

Answer

Existential there

Answer

Pseudo-cleft

Question 4

Which term describes a clause that can stand alone as a complete sentence?

Accepted Answer

Independent clause

Answer

Subordinate clause

Answer

Dependent clause

Answer

Embedded clause

Question 5

A student writes: 'Running to class, my backpack fell.' What error does this sentence contain?

Accepted Answer

Dangling modifier

Answer

Comma splice

Answer

Fused sentence

Answer

Subject-verb disagreement

Question 6

What is the function of a resumptive pronoun in a relative clause such as 'The book that I forgot where I put it'?

Accepted Answer

It fills the gap left by relativization within a complex structure

Answer

It marks the head noun for agreement

Answer

It creates a passive construction

Answer

It signals a coordinated clause

Question 7

Which sentence type has the underlying structure NP + be + Adjective Phrase?

Accepted Answer

Copular sentence

Answer

Transitive sentence

Answer

Ditransitive sentence

Answer

Passive sentence