Advanced Techniques & Methods Flashcards

Which metadata standard is most commonly used to describe archival collections at the collection, series, and item levels in a hierarchical structure?

Answer: Encoded Archival Description (EAD)

EAD is an XML-based standard specifically designed to encode archival finding aids using a hierarchical structure from collection to item level.

When appraising digital records, which characteristic distinguishes a record with permanent value from one with temporary value?

Answer: The record documents unique organizational decisions or provides evidence of rights and obligations

Permanent value is determined by evidential and informational value — records that document unique decisions, rights, obligations, or historically significant activities.

A replevin action in archives refers to which legal process?

Answer: The legal recovery of records or artifacts that were wrongfully removed from an institution

Replevin is a legal remedy used to recover personal property, and archives use it to reclaim records that were improperly removed or stolen.

In digital preservation, what is the primary purpose of creating a Submission Information Package (SIP)?

Answer: To package content and metadata for ingest into a digital preservation system

A SIP, as defined by the OAIS Reference Model, bundles digital content with descriptive and preservation metadata for submission to a digital repository.

Which technique is used to detect unauthorized alterations to digital files after they have been ingested into a preservation repository?

Answer: Checksum validation using cryptographic hash functions

Cryptographic hash functions (e.g., MD5, SHA-256) generate a unique checksum for each file; any alteration changes the hash, revealing tampering.

The principle of original order in archives means that an archivist should:

Answer: Maintain the sequence and arrangement established by the creator of the records

Original order preserves the context and interrelationships of records as arranged by their creator, which is essential for understanding their meaning and evidential value.

Which environmental control measure is MOST critical for long-term preservation of acetate-based film and magnetic tape?

Answer: Storing in cold, low-humidity vaults (below 50°F and 30% RH)

Cold, dry storage significantly slows the chemical degradation (vinegar syndrome in acetate, binder hydrolysis in tape) of audiovisual materials.