BTheol Christian Apologetics 2

Question 1

Which early church father wrote 'Apologies' addressing Roman emperors to defend Christians against pagan accusations?

Accepted Answer

Justin Martyr

Answer

Origen

Answer

Tertullian

Answer

Irenaeus

Question 2

Pascal's Wager is an apologetic argument that appeals primarily to:

Accepted Answer

Pragmatic self-interest and probability

Answer

Logical necessity

Answer

Scientific evidence

Answer

Historical testimony

Question 3

The 'minimal facts' approach to defending the resurrection, associated with Gary Habermas, relies on:

Accepted Answer

Facts granted by virtually all critical scholars, regardless of worldview

Answer

Only the Gospel of John

Answer

Church tradition alone

Answer

Archaeological evidence exclusively

Question 4

Which philosopher argued that belief in God can be 'properly basic,' meaning it requires no further justification from evidence?

Accepted Answer

Alvin Plantinga

Answer

David Hume

Answer

Immanuel Kant

Answer

Bertrand Russell

Question 5

The 'problem of evil' is considered an internal critique of theism. The logical version argues that God and evil are:

Accepted Answer

Logically contradictory and cannot coexist

Answer

Compatible if God has sufficient reasons

Answer

Only apparently contradictory when examined closely

Answer

Related as Creator to creation

Question 6

Alvin Plantinga's 'Free Will Defense' responds to the problem of evil by arguing that:

Accepted Answer

God could not create free creatures who always choose good without contradiction

Answer

Evil is an illusion created by limited human perception

Answer

God uses evil to test human faith

Answer

Evil is necessary for the development of virtue

Question 7

Which type of apologetics emphasizes accumulating multiple independent lines of evidence—historical, philosophical, and scientific—into a cumulative case?

Accepted Answer

Cumulative case apologetics

Answer

Presuppositional apologetics

Answer

Fideism

Answer

Evidentialism