Board Certified Ophthalmologist Board Certified Ophthalmologist Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus Questions and Answers 3

Question 1

What is the Parks-Bielschowsky three-step test used to diagnose?

Accepted Answer

Cyclovertical muscle palsies

Answer

The three-step test systematically isolates which cyclovertical muscle is paretic by evaluating hyperdeviation in different gaze positions and head tilts.

Question 2

A child with intermittent exotropia who maintains alignment most of the day but deviates when tired or daydreaming is best classified as having which subtype?

Accepted Answer

Basic type

Answer

Basic intermittent exotropia shows a similar deviation at distance and near and is the most common subtype.

Question 3

Which finding on examination is pathognomonic for Duane retraction syndrome Type I?

Accepted Answer

Globe retraction with narrowing of the palpebral fissure on adduction

Answer

Globe retraction with palpebral fissure narrowing on attempted adduction is the hallmark of Duane syndrome, caused by co-contraction of the horizontal rectus muscles.

Question 4

What is the preferred initial treatment for a 3-year-old with unilateral amblyopia and visual acuity of 20/80 in the amblyopic eye?

Accepted Answer

2 hours per day of patching the sound eye

Answer

For moderate amblyopia (20/40 to 20/100), the PEDIG studies demonstrated that 2 hours of daily patching is as effective as 6 hours.

Question 5

Which inherited condition causes bilateral lens subluxation superiorly and temporally and is associated with tall stature?

Accepted Answer

Marfan syndrome

Answer

Marfan syndrome classically causes superotemporal lens subluxation due to defective fibrillin in the zonular fibers.

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Board Certified Ophthalmologist Board Certified Ophthalmologist Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus Questions and Answers 3